Differential effects of high dose omega-3 fatty acids on metabolism and inflammation in patients with obesity : eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation
Copyright © 2023 Borja-Magno, Guevara-Cruz, Flores-López, Carrillo-Domínguez, Granados, Arias, Perry, Sears, Bourges and Gómez..
Background: Obesity is complicated by low-grade chronic inflammation characterised by increases in inflammatory proteins and cells in peripheral blood. It has been known that omega-3 fatty acids (FA) like eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) could modulate the inflammatory process and improve metabolic markers.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of high-dose omega-3 FA on metabolic and inflammatory markers among patients with obesity and healthy volunteers.
Methods: This prospective study included 12 women with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35.0 kg/m2) and 12 healthy women (BMI < 24.0 kg/m2) who were supplemented with a dose of 4.8 g/day (3.2 g EPA plus 1.6 g DHA) for 3 months followed by no treatment for 1 month. Plasma metabolic and inflammatory markers and levels of mRNA transcripts of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were determined monthly.
Results: None of the participants exhibited changes in weight or body composition after study completion. EPA and DHA supplementation improved metabolic (insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR], triglyceride [TG]/ high-density lipoprotein [HDL] ratio, TG, and arachidonic acid [AA]/EPA ratio) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, the levels of mRNA transcripts of T CD4+ lymphocyte subsets (TBX21, IFNG, GATA-3, interleukin [IL]-4, FOXP3, IL-10 IL-6, and TNF-α), were down-regulated during the intervention phase. After 1 month without supplementation, only insulin, HOMA-IR and the mRNA transcripts remained low, whereas all other markers returned to their levels before supplementation.
Conclusion: Supplementation with high-dose omega-3 FAs could modulate metabolism and inflammation in patients with obesity without weight loss or changes in body composition. However, these modulatory effects were ephemeral and with clear differential effects: short-duration on metabolism and long-lasting on inflammation.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:10 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in nutrition - 10(2023) vom: 30., Seite 1156995 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Borja-Magno, Angélica [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Docosahexaenoic (DHA) |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 23.05.2023 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3389/fnut.2023.1156995 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM357176898 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Differential effects of high dose omega-3 fatty acids on metabolism and inflammation in patients with obesity |b eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 23.05.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023 Borja-Magno, Guevara-Cruz, Flores-López, Carrillo-Domínguez, Granados, Arias, Perry, Sears, Bourges and Gómez. | ||
| 520 | |a Background: Obesity is complicated by low-grade chronic inflammation characterised by increases in inflammatory proteins and cells in peripheral blood. It has been known that omega-3 fatty acids (FA) like eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) could modulate the inflammatory process and improve metabolic markers | ||
| 520 | |a Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of high-dose omega-3 FA on metabolic and inflammatory markers among patients with obesity and healthy volunteers | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: This prospective study included 12 women with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35.0 kg/m2) and 12 healthy women (BMI < 24.0 kg/m2) who were supplemented with a dose of 4.8 g/day (3.2 g EPA plus 1.6 g DHA) for 3 months followed by no treatment for 1 month. Plasma metabolic and inflammatory markers and levels of mRNA transcripts of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were determined monthly | ||
| 520 | |a Results: None of the participants exhibited changes in weight or body composition after study completion. EPA and DHA supplementation improved metabolic (insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR], triglyceride [TG]/ high-density lipoprotein [HDL] ratio, TG, and arachidonic acid [AA]/EPA ratio) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, the levels of mRNA transcripts of T CD4+ lymphocyte subsets (TBX21, IFNG, GATA-3, interleukin [IL]-4, FOXP3, IL-10 IL-6, and TNF-α), were down-regulated during the intervention phase. After 1 month without supplementation, only insulin, HOMA-IR and the mRNA transcripts remained low, whereas all other markers returned to their levels before supplementation | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusion: Supplementation with high-dose omega-3 FAs could modulate metabolism and inflammation in patients with obesity without weight loss or changes in body composition. However, these modulatory effects were ephemeral and with clear differential effects: short-duration on metabolism and long-lasting on inflammation | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a docosahexaenoic (DHA) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a eicosapentaenoic (EPA) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a inflammation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a nutrition | |
| 650 | 4 | |a obesity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a omega-3 fatty acids | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Guevara-Cruz, Martha |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Flores-López, Adriana |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Carrillo-Domínguez, Silvia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Granados, Julio |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Arias, Clorinda |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Perry, Mary |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sears, Barry |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bourges, Hector |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gómez, F Enrique |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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