Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in the LA-SPARTA cohort reveals increased risk of infection in vaccinated Hispanic participants
Copyright © 2023 Jenkins, Phan Tran, Flores, Kupferwasser, Pickering, Zheng, Gjertson, Ross, Schaenman, Miller, Yeaman and Reed..
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Questions remain regarding correlates of risk and immune protection against COVID-19.
Methods: We prospectively enrolled 200 participants with a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 occupational exposure at a U.S. medical center between December 2020 and April 2022. Participant exposure risks, vaccination/infection status, and symptoms were followed longitudinally at 3, 6, and 12 months, with blood and saliva collection. Serological response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike holoprotein (S), receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid proteins (NP) were quantified by ELISA assay.
Results: Based on serology, 40 of 200 (20%) participants were infected. Healthcare and non-healthcare occupations had equivalent infection incidence. Only 79.5% of infected participants seroconverted for NP following infection, and 11.5% were unaware they had been infected. The antibody response to S was greater than to RBD. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with 2-fold greater incidence of infection despite vaccination in this cohort.
Discussion: Overall, our findings demonstrate: 1) variability in the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection despite similar exposure risk; 2) the concentration of binding antibody to the SARS-CoV-2 S or RBD proteins is not directly correlated with protection against infection in vaccinated individuals; and 3) determinants of infection risk include Hispanic ethnicity despite vaccination and similar occupational exposure.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:14 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in immunology - 14(2023) vom: 06., Seite 1139915 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Jenkins, Meagan M [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 10.05.2023 Date Revised 29.03.2024 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139915 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM356567656 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Jenkins, Meagan M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in the LA-SPARTA cohort reveals increased risk of infection in vaccinated Hispanic participants |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 10.05.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 29.03.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023 Jenkins, Phan Tran, Flores, Kupferwasser, Pickering, Zheng, Gjertson, Ross, Schaenman, Miller, Yeaman and Reed. | ||
| 520 | |a Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Questions remain regarding correlates of risk and immune protection against COVID-19 | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: We prospectively enrolled 200 participants with a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 occupational exposure at a U.S. medical center between December 2020 and April 2022. Participant exposure risks, vaccination/infection status, and symptoms were followed longitudinally at 3, 6, and 12 months, with blood and saliva collection. Serological response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike holoprotein (S), receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid proteins (NP) were quantified by ELISA assay | ||
| 520 | |a Results: Based on serology, 40 of 200 (20%) participants were infected. Healthcare and non-healthcare occupations had equivalent infection incidence. Only 79.5% of infected participants seroconverted for NP following infection, and 11.5% were unaware they had been infected. The antibody response to S was greater than to RBD. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with 2-fold greater incidence of infection despite vaccination in this cohort | ||
| 520 | |a Discussion: Overall, our findings demonstrate: 1) variability in the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection despite similar exposure risk; 2) the concentration of binding antibody to the SARS-CoV-2 S or RBD proteins is not directly correlated with protection against infection in vaccinated individuals; and 3) determinants of infection risk include Hispanic ethnicity despite vaccination and similar occupational exposure | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a high-risk | |
| 650 | 4 | |a infection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a serological analysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a vaccination | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Phan Tran, Donna |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Flores, Evelyn A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kupferwasser, Deborah |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pickering, Harry |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zheng, Ying |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gjertson, David W |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ross, Ted M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Schaenman, Joanna M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miller, Loren G |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yeaman, Michael R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Reed, Elaine F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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