Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Among Children : 2011-2020
Copyright © 2023 by the American Academy of Pediatrics..
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Infants and children are at increased risk of severe influenza virus infection and its complications. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) varies by age, influenza season, and influenza virus type/subtype. This study's objective was to examine the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against outpatient influenza illness in the pediatric population over 9 influenza seasons after the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic.
METHODS: During the 2011-2012 through the 2019-2020 influenza seasons at outpatient clinics at 5 sites of the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network, children aged 6 months to 17 years with an acute respiratory illness were tested for influenza using real-time, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated using a test-negative design.
RESULTS: Among 24 148 enrolled children, 28% overall tested positive for influenza, 3017 tested positive for influenza A(H3N2), 1459 for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and 2178 for influenza B. Among all enrollees, 39% overall were vaccinated, with 29% of influenza cases and 43% of influenza-negative controls vaccinated. Across all influenza seasons, the pooled VE for any influenza was 46% (95% confidence interval, 43-50). Overall and by type/subtype, VE against influenza illness was highest among children in the 6- to 59-month age group compared with older pediatric age groups. VE was lowest for influenza A(H3N2) virus infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of multiple seasons suggested substantial benefit against outpatient illness. Investigation of host-specific or virus-related mechanisms that may result in differences by age and virus type/subtype may help further efforts to promote increased vaccination coverage and other influenza-related preventative measures.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:151 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Pediatrics - 151(2023), 4 vom: 01. Apr. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Hood, Nicole [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Influenza Vaccines |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 04.04.2023 Date Revised 02.04.2024 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1542/peds.2022-059922 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM354658069 |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 02.04.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Infants and children are at increased risk of severe influenza virus infection and its complications. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) varies by age, influenza season, and influenza virus type/subtype. This study's objective was to examine the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against outpatient influenza illness in the pediatric population over 9 influenza seasons after the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: During the 2011-2012 through the 2019-2020 influenza seasons at outpatient clinics at 5 sites of the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network, children aged 6 months to 17 years with an acute respiratory illness were tested for influenza using real-time, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated using a test-negative design | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Among 24 148 enrolled children, 28% overall tested positive for influenza, 3017 tested positive for influenza A(H3N2), 1459 for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and 2178 for influenza B. Among all enrollees, 39% overall were vaccinated, with 29% of influenza cases and 43% of influenza-negative controls vaccinated. Across all influenza seasons, the pooled VE for any influenza was 46% (95% confidence interval, 43-50). Overall and by type/subtype, VE against influenza illness was highest among children in the 6- to 59-month age group compared with older pediatric age groups. VE was lowest for influenza A(H3N2) virus infection | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of multiple seasons suggested substantial benefit against outpatient illness. Investigation of host-specific or virus-related mechanisms that may result in differences by age and virus type/subtype may help further efforts to promote increased vaccination coverage and other influenza-related preventative measures | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Influenza Vaccines |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Vaccines, Inactivated |2 NLM | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Wernli, Karen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jackson, Michael L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Martin, Emily T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Monto, Arnold S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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