Artificial intelligence applications and ethical challenges in oral and maxillo-facial cosmetic surgery : a narrative review

© 2023. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply..

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to using technologies to simulate human cognition to solve a specific problem. The rapid development of AI in the health sector has been attributed to the improvement of computing speed, exponential increase in data production, and routine data collection. In this paper, we review the current applications of AI for oral and maxillofacial (OMF) cosmetic surgery to provide surgeons with the fundamental technical elements needed to understand its potential. AI plays an increasingly important role in OMF cosmetic surgery in various settings, and its usage may raise ethical issues. In addition to machine learning algorithms (a subtype of AI), convolutional neural networks (a subtype of deep learning) are widely used in OMF cosmetic surgeries. Depending on their complexity, these networks can extract and process the elementary characteristics of an image. They are, therefore, commonly used in the diagnostic process for medical images and facial photos. AI algorithms have been used to assist surgeons with diagnosis, therapeutic decisions, preoperative planning, and outcome prediction and evaluation. AI algorithms complement human skills while minimizing shortcomings through their capabilities to learn, classify, predict, and detect. This algorithm should, however, be rigorously evaluated clinically, and a systematic ethical reflection should be conducted regarding data protection, diversity, and transparency. It is possible to revolutionize the practice of functional and aesthetic surgeries with 3D simulation models and AI models. Planning, decision-making, and evaluation during and after surgery can be improved with simulation systems. A surgical AI model can also perform time-consuming or challenging tasks for surgeons.

Medienart:	E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:	2023
Erschienen:	2023

Enthalten in:	Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:45
Enthalten in:	Maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery - 45(2023), 1 vom: 13. März, Seite 14

Sprache:	Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:	Rokhshad, Rata [VerfasserIn] Keyhan, Seied Omid [VerfasserIn] Yousefi, Parisa [VerfasserIn]

Links:	Volltext

Themen:	Artificial intelligence Deep learning Journal Article Machine learning Orthognathic surgery Review Rhinoplasty

Anmerkungen:	Date Revised 17.03.2023 published: Electronic Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE

doi:	10.1186/s40902-023-00382-w

funding:
Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):	NLM354186027