T cell immunity ameliorates COVID-19 disease severity and provides post-exposure prophylaxis after peptide-vaccination, in Syrian hamsters
Copyright © 2023 Somogyi, Kremlitzka, Csiszovszki, Molnár, Lőrincz, Tóth, de Waal, Pattijn, Reineking, Beineke and Tőke..
Background: The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants that resist neutralizing antibodies drew the attention to cellular immunity and calls for the development of alternative vaccination strategies to combat the pandemic. Here, we have assessed the kinetics of T cell responses and protective efficacy against severe COVID-19 in pre- and post-exposure settings, elicited by PolyPEPI-SCoV-2, a peptide based T cell vaccine.
Methods: 75 Syrian hamsters were immunized subcutaneously with PolyPEPI-SCoV-2 on D0 and D14. On D42, hamsters were intranasally challenged with 102 TCID50 of the virus. To analyze immunogenicity by IFN-γ ELISPOT and antibody secretion, lymphoid tissues were collected both before (D0, D14, D28, D42) and after challenge (D44, D46, D49). To measure vaccine efficacy, lung tissue, throat swabs and nasal turbinate samples were assessed for viral load and histopathological changes. Further, body weight was monitored on D0, D28, D42 and every day after challenge.
Results: The vaccine induced robust activation of T cells against all SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins that were rapidly boosted after virus challenge compared to control animals (~4-fold, p<0.05). A single dose of PolyPEPI-SCoV-2 administered one day after challenge also resulted in elevated T cell response (p<0.01). The vaccination did not induce virus-specific antibodies and viral load reduction. Still, peptide vaccination significantly reduced body weight loss (p<0.001), relative lung weight (p<0.05) and lung lesions (p<0.05), in both settings.
Conclusion: Our study provides first proof of concept data on the contribution of T cell immunity on disease course and provide rationale for the use of T cell-based peptide vaccines against both novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and supports post-exposure prophylaxis as alternative vaccination strategy against COVID-19.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:14 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in immunology - 14(2023) vom: 01., Seite 1111629 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Somogyi, Eszter [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Adaptive immunity |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 13.02.2023 Date Revised 27.03.2023 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111629 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM352715405 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Somogyi, Eszter |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 2 | |a T cell immunity ameliorates COVID-19 disease severity and provides post-exposure prophylaxis after peptide-vaccination, in Syrian hamsters |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 27.03.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023 Somogyi, Kremlitzka, Csiszovszki, Molnár, Lőrincz, Tóth, de Waal, Pattijn, Reineking, Beineke and Tőke. | ||
| 520 | |a Background: The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants that resist neutralizing antibodies drew the attention to cellular immunity and calls for the development of alternative vaccination strategies to combat the pandemic. Here, we have assessed the kinetics of T cell responses and protective efficacy against severe COVID-19 in pre- and post-exposure settings, elicited by PolyPEPI-SCoV-2, a peptide based T cell vaccine | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: 75 Syrian hamsters were immunized subcutaneously with PolyPEPI-SCoV-2 on D0 and D14. On D42, hamsters were intranasally challenged with 102 TCID50 of the virus. To analyze immunogenicity by IFN-γ ELISPOT and antibody secretion, lymphoid tissues were collected both before (D0, D14, D28, D42) and after challenge (D44, D46, D49). To measure vaccine efficacy, lung tissue, throat swabs and nasal turbinate samples were assessed for viral load and histopathological changes. Further, body weight was monitored on D0, D28, D42 and every day after challenge | ||
| 520 | |a Results: The vaccine induced robust activation of T cells against all SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins that were rapidly boosted after virus challenge compared to control animals (~4-fold, p<0.05). A single dose of PolyPEPI-SCoV-2 administered one day after challenge also resulted in elevated T cell response (p<0.01). The vaccination did not induce virus-specific antibodies and viral load reduction. Still, peptide vaccination significantly reduced body weight loss (p<0.001), relative lung weight (p<0.05) and lung lesions (p<0.05), in both settings | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusion: Our study provides first proof of concept data on the contribution of T cell immunity on disease course and provide rationale for the use of T cell-based peptide vaccines against both novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and supports post-exposure prophylaxis as alternative vaccination strategy against COVID-19 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Csiszovszki, Zsolt |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Molnár, Levente |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lőrincz, Orsolya |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tóth, József |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Reineking, Wencke |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Beineke, Andreas |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tőke, Enikő R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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