Nosocomial COVID-19 : A Nationwide Spanish Study

© 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel..

INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious virus, and despite professionals' best efforts, nosocomial COVID-19 (NC) infections have been reported. This work aimed to describe differences in symptoms and outcomes between patients with NC and community-acquired COVID-19 (CAC) and to identify risk factors for severe outcomes among NC patients.

METHODS: This is a nationwide, retrospective, multicenter, observational study that analyzed patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 in 150 Spanish hospitals (SEMI-COVID-19 Registry) from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021. NC was defined as patients admitted for non-COVID-19 diseases with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test on the fifth day of hospitalization or later. The primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital mortality (IHM). The secondary outcome was other COVID-19-related complications. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed.

RESULTS: Of the 23,219 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 1,104 (4.8%) were NC. Compared to CAC patients, NC patients were older (median 76 vs. 69 years; p < 0.001), had more comorbidities (median Charlson Comorbidity Index 5 vs. 3; p < 0.001), were less symptomatic (p < 0.001), and had normal chest X-rays more frequently (30.8% vs. 12.5%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, dependence, COVID-19 wave, and comorbidities, NC was associated with lower risk of moderate/severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.87; p < 0.001) and higher risk of acute heart failure (aOR: 1.40; 1.12-1.72; p = 0.003), sepsis (aOR: 1.73; 1.33-2.54; p < 0.001), and readmission (aOR: 1.35; 1.03-1.83; p = 0.028). NC was associated with a higher case fatality rate (39.1% vs. 19.2%) in all age groups. IHM was significantly higher among NC patients (aOR: 2.07; 1.81-2.68; p < 0.001). Risk factors for increased IHM in NC patients were age, moderate/severe dependence, malignancy, dyspnea, moderate/severe ARDS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and shock; odynophagia was associated with lower IHM.

CONCLUSIONS: NC is associated with greater mortality and complications compared to CAC. Hospital strategies to prevent NC must be strengthened.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2023

Erschienen:

2023

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:69

Enthalten in:

Gerontology - 69(2023), 6 vom: 20., Seite 671-683

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Ramos-Rincon, Jose-Manuel [VerfasserIn]
Lopez-Sampalo, Almudena [VerfasserIn]
Cobos-Palacios, Lidia [VerfasserIn]
Ricci, Michele [VerfasserIn]
Rubio-Rivas, Manel [VerfasserIn]
Díaz-Simón, Raquel [VerfasserIn]
Martín-Escalante, María-Dolores [VerfasserIn]
Castañeda-Pérez, Sabela [VerfasserIn]
Fernández-Madera-Martínez, Rosa [VerfasserIn]
Beato-Perez, Jose-Luis [VerfasserIn]
García-García, Gema-Maria [VerfasserIn]
García-Andreu, María-Del-Mar [VerfasserIn]
Arnalich-Fernandez, Francisco [VerfasserIn]
Molinos-Castro, Sonia [VerfasserIn]
Vargas-Núñez, Juan-Antonio [VerfasserIn]
Artero, Arturo [VerfasserIn]
Freire-Castro, Santiago-Jesús [VerfasserIn]
Fernández-Gómez, Jennifer [VerfasserIn]
Cubo-Romano, Pilar [VerfasserIn]
Hernández-Milián, Almudena [VerfasserIn]
Inés-Revuelta, Sandra-Maria [VerfasserIn]
Boixeda, Ramon [VerfasserIn]
Fernández-Pedregal, Elia [VerfasserIn]
Gómez-Huelgas, Ricardo [VerfasserIn]
SEMI-COVID-19 Network [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

Aged
COVID-19
Cross-infection
Elderly
Hospital mortality
Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infection
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Observational Study
SARS-CoV-2

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 07.06.2023

Date Revised 21.06.2023

published: Print-Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1159/000527711

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM35193068X