Acute phase protein concentrations following serial procaine penicillin G injections in horses
© 2022 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd..
BACKGROUND: Acute phase protein (APP) measurement is used to detect inflammation. Intramuscular (IM) injections could cause tissue injury and induce an acute phase response (APR).
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of IM procaine penicillin G (PPG) injections on APP concentrations in horses.
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal design.
METHODS: PPG was administered intramuscularly to six horses, twice daily, for 5 days. Plasma fibrinogen (FIB), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (HAP), creatine kinase (CK), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were quantified daily for 5 days before the first injection, during the course of administration, and for 4 days after the final dose. Analytes were quantified every other day for the remaining 16 days. Data were compared using a parametric or non-parametric repeated measures ANOVA and a Tukey's or Mann-Whitney rank sum test, respectively. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: CK was increased over baseline (mean ± SD: 200 ± 74 IU/L) on Days 1-6 (p < 0.001 to p = 0.02, mean ± SD: 723-1177 ± 355-544 IU/L) and AST was increased above baseline (mean ± SD: 233 ± 58 IU/L) on Days 2-7 and 10 (p < 0.001 to p = 0.05, mean ± SD: 307-437 ± 79-146 IU/L). Increased FIB was noted over baseline (mean ± SD: 177 ± 30 mg/dl) on Days 6-8 and 10 (p = 0.02 to p = 0.03, mean ± SD: 234-252 ± 33-49 mg/dl). SAA was increased above baseline (mean ± SD: 4.7 ± 2.9) on Day 6 (p = 0.02, mean ± SD: 113 ± 186 μg/ml). There was no change in HAP.
MAIN LIMITATIONS: Healthy horses were used, small sample size, and a lack of a negative control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Serial intramuscular procaine penicillin G (IM PPG) injections may result in increased positive APP concentrations in horses and this must be considered when these test results are interpreted.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:55 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Equine veterinary journal - 55(2023), 5 vom: 06. Sept., Seite 916-922 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Gordon, Danielle L [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
17R794ESYN |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 09.08.2023 Date Revised 09.08.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1111/evj.13886 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM347157467 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Gordon, Danielle L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Acute phase protein concentrations following serial procaine penicillin G injections in horses |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 09.08.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2022 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Acute phase protein (APP) measurement is used to detect inflammation. Intramuscular (IM) injections could cause tissue injury and induce an acute phase response (APR) | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of IM procaine penicillin G (PPG) injections on APP concentrations in horses | ||
| 520 | |a STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal design | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: PPG was administered intramuscularly to six horses, twice daily, for 5 days. Plasma fibrinogen (FIB), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (HAP), creatine kinase (CK), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were quantified daily for 5 days before the first injection, during the course of administration, and for 4 days after the final dose. Analytes were quantified every other day for the remaining 16 days. Data were compared using a parametric or non-parametric repeated measures ANOVA and a Tukey's or Mann-Whitney rank sum test, respectively. Significance was set at p < 0.05 | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: CK was increased over baseline (mean ± SD: 200 ± 74 IU/L) on Days 1-6 (p < 0.001 to p = 0.02, mean ± SD: 723-1177 ± 355-544 IU/L) and AST was increased above baseline (mean ± SD: 233 ± 58 IU/L) on Days 2-7 and 10 (p < 0.001 to p = 0.05, mean ± SD: 307-437 ± 79-146 IU/L). Increased FIB was noted over baseline (mean ± SD: 177 ± 30 mg/dl) on Days 6-8 and 10 (p = 0.02 to p = 0.03, mean ± SD: 234-252 ± 33-49 mg/dl). SAA was increased above baseline (mean ± SD: 4.7 ± 2.9) on Day 6 (p = 0.02, mean ± SD: 113 ± 186 μg/ml). There was no change in HAP | ||
| 520 | |a MAIN LIMITATIONS: Healthy horses were used, small sample size, and a lack of a negative control group | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Serial intramuscular procaine penicillin G (IM PPG) injections may result in increased positive APP concentrations in horses and this must be considered when these test results are interpreted | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a fibrinogen | |
| 650 | 4 | |a horse | |
| 650 | 4 | |a procaine penicillin G | |
| 650 | 4 | |a serum amyloid A | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Penicillin G Procaine |2 NLM | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Acute-Phase Proteins |2 NLM | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Connolly, Sara L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Schnelle, Amy N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fan, Timothy M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Barger, Anne M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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