Level of education is associated with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes : a population-based study
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ..
INTRODUCTION: To study the relationship between education level and vascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Norway.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Multiregional population-based cross-sectional study of individuals with type 2 diabetes in primary care. Data were extracted from electronic medical records in the period 2012-2014. Information on education level was obtained from Statistics Norway. Using multivariable multilevel regression analyses on imputed data we analyzed the association between education level and vascular complications. We adjusted for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration. Results are presented as ORs and 95% CIs.
RESULTS: Of 8192 individuals with type 2 diabetes included, 34.0% had completed compulsory education, 49.0% upper secondary education and 16.9% higher education. The prevalence of vascular complications in the three education groups was: coronary heart disease 25.9%, 23.0% and 16.9%; stroke 9.6%, 7.4% and 6.6%; chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) 23.9%, 16.8% and 12.6%; and retinopathy 13.9%, 11.5% and 11.7%, respectively. Higher education was associated with lower odds for coronary heart disease (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.71) and chronic kidney disease (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.93) compared with compulsory education when adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration.
CONCLUSIONS: In a country with equal access to healthcare, high education level was associated with lower odds for coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:10 |
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| Enthalten in: |
BMJ open diabetes research & care - 10(2022), 5 vom: 28. Sept. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Slåtsve, Kristina B [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Cholesterol, LDL |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 30.09.2022 Date Revised 07.12.2022 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002867 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM346865980 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Slåtsve, Kristina B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Level of education is associated with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes |b a population-based study |
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| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. | ||
| 520 | |a INTRODUCTION: To study the relationship between education level and vascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Norway | ||
| 520 | |a RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Multiregional population-based cross-sectional study of individuals with type 2 diabetes in primary care. Data were extracted from electronic medical records in the period 2012-2014. Information on education level was obtained from Statistics Norway. Using multivariable multilevel regression analyses on imputed data we analyzed the association between education level and vascular complications. We adjusted for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration. Results are presented as ORs and 95% CIs | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Of 8192 individuals with type 2 diabetes included, 34.0% had completed compulsory education, 49.0% upper secondary education and 16.9% higher education. The prevalence of vascular complications in the three education groups was: coronary heart disease 25.9%, 23.0% and 16.9%; stroke 9.6%, 7.4% and 6.6%; chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) 23.9%, 16.8% and 12.6%; and retinopathy 13.9%, 11.5% and 11.7%, respectively. Higher education was associated with lower odds for coronary heart disease (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.71) and chronic kidney disease (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.93) compared with compulsory education when adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: In a country with equal access to healthcare, high education level was associated with lower odds for coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Coronary Artery Disease | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Education | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Kidney Diseases | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Cholesterol, LDL |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Glycated Hemoglobin A |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Claudi, Tor |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lappegård, Knut Tore |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jenum, Anne Karen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Larsen, Marthe |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nøkleby, Kjersti |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tibballs, Katrina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cooper, John G |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sandberg, Sverre |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Buhl, Esben Selmer |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Løvaas, Karianne Fjeld |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Berg, Tore Julsrud |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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