Natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and breakthrough infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cancer
© 2022. The Author(s)..
BACKGROUND: Consolidated evidence suggests spontaneous immunity from SARS-CoV-2 is not durable, leading to the risk of reinfection, especially in the context of newly emerging viral strains. In patients with cancer who survive COVID-19 prevalence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections are unknown.
METHODS: We aimed to document natural history and outcome from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in patients recruited to OnCovid (NCT04393974), an active European registry enrolling consecutive patients with a history of solid or haematologic malignancy diagnosed with COVID-19.
RESULTS: As of December 2021, out of 3108 eligible participants, 1806 COVID-19 survivors were subsequently followed at participating institutions. Among them, 34 reinfections (1.9%) were reported after a median time of 152 days (range: 40-620) from the first COVID-19 diagnosis, and with a median observation period from the second infection of 115 days (95% CI: 27-196). Most of the first infections were diagnosed in 2020 (27, 79.4%), while most of reinfections in 2021 (25, 73.5%). Haematological malignancies were the most frequent primary tumour (12, 35%). Compared to first infections, second infections had lower prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms (52.9% vs 91.2%, P = 0.0008) and required less COVID-19-specific therapy (11.8% vs 50%, P = 0.0013). Overall, 11 patients (32.4%) and 3 (8.8%) were fully and partially vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 before the second infection, respectively. The 14-day case fatality rate was 11.8%, with four death events, none of which among fully vaccinated patients.
CONCLUSION: This study shows that reinfections in COVID-19 survivors with cancer are possible and more common in patients with haematological malignancies. Reinfections carry a 11% risk of mortality, which rises to 15% among unvaccinated patients, highlighting the importance of universal vaccination of patients with cancer.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:127 |
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| Enthalten in: |
British journal of cancer - 127(2022), 10 vom: 16. Nov., Seite 1787-1792 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Cortellini, Alessio [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Clinical Trial |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 15.11.2022 Date Revised 11.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1038/s41416-022-01952-x |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and breakthrough infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cancer |
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| 520 | |a © 2022. The Author(s). | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Consolidated evidence suggests spontaneous immunity from SARS-CoV-2 is not durable, leading to the risk of reinfection, especially in the context of newly emerging viral strains. In patients with cancer who survive COVID-19 prevalence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections are unknown | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We aimed to document natural history and outcome from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in patients recruited to OnCovid (NCT04393974), an active European registry enrolling consecutive patients with a history of solid or haematologic malignancy diagnosed with COVID-19 | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: As of December 2021, out of 3108 eligible participants, 1806 COVID-19 survivors were subsequently followed at participating institutions. Among them, 34 reinfections (1.9%) were reported after a median time of 152 days (range: 40-620) from the first COVID-19 diagnosis, and with a median observation period from the second infection of 115 days (95% CI: 27-196). Most of the first infections were diagnosed in 2020 (27, 79.4%), while most of reinfections in 2021 (25, 73.5%). Haematological malignancies were the most frequent primary tumour (12, 35%). Compared to first infections, second infections had lower prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms (52.9% vs 91.2%, P = 0.0008) and required less COVID-19-specific therapy (11.8% vs 50%, P = 0.0013). Overall, 11 patients (32.4%) and 3 (8.8%) were fully and partially vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 before the second infection, respectively. The 14-day case fatality rate was 11.8%, with four death events, none of which among fully vaccinated patients | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: This study shows that reinfections in COVID-19 survivors with cancer are possible and more common in patients with haematological malignancies. Reinfections carry a 11% risk of mortality, which rises to 15% among unvaccinated patients, highlighting the importance of universal vaccination of patients with cancer | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Clinical Trial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Aguilar-Company, Juan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Salazar, Ramon |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bower, Mark |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sita-Lumsden, Ailsa |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Plaja, Andrea |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Alvin J X |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bertuzzi, Alexia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tondini, Carlo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Diamantis, Nikolaos |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Gennari, Alessandra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pinato, David J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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