Simultaneous removal of fluoride and nitrate from synthetic aqueous solution and groundwater by the electrochemical process using non-coated and coated anode electrodes : A human health risk study
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..
Co-presence of fluoride (F-) and nitrate (NO3-) in water causes numerous health complications. Thus, they should be eliminated by an appropriate method like the EC process. In this research, simultaneous removal of F- and NO3- from synthetic aqueous solution and groundwater has been considered by the EC technique under operational parameters like anode materials (un-coated (Al and Fe) and synthesized coated (Ti/TiRuSnO2 and Ti/PbO2)), cathode materials (Cu, St, and Gr), current density (12, 24, and 36 mA/cm2), inter-electrode distance (0.5, 1, and 2 cm), pH (5.5, 7, and 8.5), NaCl concentrations (0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/L), electrolysis time (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min), NO3- concentrations (75, 150, and 225 mg/L), and F- concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/L) for the first time in this research. The results proved that Al as non-coated anode and Cu as cathode electrodes were more effective in the co-removal of F- and NO3-. The maximum removal efficiencies of 94.19 and 95% were observed at the current density of 36 mA/cm2, 1 cm of inter-electrode distance, pH 7, 1 g/L of NaCl, and 90 min electrolysis time by Al-Cu electrode for F- (2 mg/L) and NO3- (75 mg/L), respectively. The higher efficiency of Al-Cu electrodes was due to the simultaneous occurrence of electrocoagulation, electroreduction, and electrooxidation processes. Al-Cu electrode application considerably diminished f- and NO3- concentrations in the groundwater. Health risk assessment proved that HQ of F- was significantly decreased after treatment by the Al-Cu electrode. Thus, the EC process using an appropriate and effective electrode is a promising technique for treating aqueous solutions containing F- and NO3-.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:214 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Environmental research - 214(2022), Pt 3 vom: 17. Nov., Seite 113938 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ashoori, Razieh [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 14.09.2022 Date Revised 29.09.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.envres.2022.113938 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM344962016 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Ashoori, Razieh |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Simultaneous removal of fluoride and nitrate from synthetic aqueous solution and groundwater by the electrochemical process using non-coated and coated anode electrodes |b A human health risk study |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 14.09.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 29.09.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a Co-presence of fluoride (F-) and nitrate (NO3-) in water causes numerous health complications. Thus, they should be eliminated by an appropriate method like the EC process. In this research, simultaneous removal of F- and NO3- from synthetic aqueous solution and groundwater has been considered by the EC technique under operational parameters like anode materials (un-coated (Al and Fe) and synthesized coated (Ti/TiRuSnO2 and Ti/PbO2)), cathode materials (Cu, St, and Gr), current density (12, 24, and 36 mA/cm2), inter-electrode distance (0.5, 1, and 2 cm), pH (5.5, 7, and 8.5), NaCl concentrations (0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/L), electrolysis time (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min), NO3- concentrations (75, 150, and 225 mg/L), and F- concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/L) for the first time in this research. The results proved that Al as non-coated anode and Cu as cathode electrodes were more effective in the co-removal of F- and NO3-. The maximum removal efficiencies of 94.19 and 95% were observed at the current density of 36 mA/cm2, 1 cm of inter-electrode distance, pH 7, 1 g/L of NaCl, and 90 min electrolysis time by Al-Cu electrode for F- (2 mg/L) and NO3- (75 mg/L), respectively. The higher efficiency of Al-Cu electrodes was due to the simultaneous occurrence of electrocoagulation, electroreduction, and electrooxidation processes. Al-Cu electrode application considerably diminished f- and NO3- concentrations in the groundwater. Health risk assessment proved that HQ of F- was significantly decreased after treatment by the Al-Cu electrode. Thus, the EC process using an appropriate and effective electrode is a promising technique for treating aqueous solutions containing F- and NO3- | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cathode materials | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Co-removal of F(−) and NO(3)(−) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Coated anode electrodes (Ti/TiRuSnO(2) and Ti/PbO(2)) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a EC process | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Health risk assessment | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Non-coated anode electrodes (Al and Fe) | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Nitrates |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Nitrogen Oxides |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Water Pollutants, Chemical |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Water |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a 059QF0KO0R |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Sodium Chloride |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a 451W47IQ8X |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fluorides |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Q80VPU408O |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Samaei, Mohammad Reza |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yousefinejad, Saeed |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Azhdarpoor, Abooalfazl |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Emadi, Zahra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mohammadpour, Amin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lari, Ali Rasti |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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