Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during resurgence driven by Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa
Objective: We aimed to compare clinical severity of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 infection with BA.1 and earlier variant infections among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in the Western Cape, South Africa, using timing of infection to infer the lineage/variant causing infection.
Methods: We included public sector patients aged ≥20 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between 1-21 May 2022 (BA.4/BA.5 wave) and equivalent prior wave periods. We compared the risk between waves of (i) death and (ii) severe hospitalization/death (all within 21 days of diagnosis) using Cox regression adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, admission pressure, vaccination and prior infection.
Results: Among 3,793 patients from the BA.4/BA.5 wave and 190,836 patients from previous waves the risk of severe hospitalization/death was similar in the BA.4/BA.5 and BA.1 waves (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93; 1.34). Both Omicron waves had lower risk of severe outcomes than previous waves. Prior infection (aHR 0.29, 95% CI 0.24; 0.36) and vaccination (aHR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07; 0.40 for boosted vs. no vaccine) were protective.
Conclusion: Disease severity was similar amongst diagnosed COVID-19 cases in the BA.4/BA.5 and BA.1 periods in the context of growing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 due to prior infection and vaccination, both of which were strongly protective.
| Errataetall: |
UpdateIn: Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Nov 24;127:63-68. - PMID 36436752 |
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| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2022 |
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| Enthalten in: |
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences - (2022) vom: 01. Juli |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Davies, Mary-Ann [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 06.11.2023 published: Electronic UpdateIn: Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Nov 24;127:63-68. - PMID 36436752 Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1101/2022.06.28.22276983 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM343155141 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Davies, Mary-Ann |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during resurgence driven by Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 06.11.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a UpdateIn: Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Nov 24;127:63-68. - PMID 36436752 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Objective: We aimed to compare clinical severity of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 infection with BA.1 and earlier variant infections among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in the Western Cape, South Africa, using timing of infection to infer the lineage/variant causing infection | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: We included public sector patients aged ≥20 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between 1-21 May 2022 (BA.4/BA.5 wave) and equivalent prior wave periods. We compared the risk between waves of (i) death and (ii) severe hospitalization/death (all within 21 days of diagnosis) using Cox regression adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, admission pressure, vaccination and prior infection | ||
| 520 | |a Results: Among 3,793 patients from the BA.4/BA.5 wave and 190,836 patients from previous waves the risk of severe hospitalization/death was similar in the BA.4/BA.5 and BA.1 waves (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93; 1.34). Both Omicron waves had lower risk of severe outcomes than previous waves. Prior infection (aHR 0.29, 95% CI 0.24; 0.36) and vaccination (aHR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07; 0.40 for boosted vs. no vaccine) were protective | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusion: Disease severity was similar amongst diagnosed COVID-19 cases in the BA.4/BA.5 and BA.1 periods in the context of growing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 due to prior infection and vaccination, both of which were strongly protective | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Preprint | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Arendse, Juanita |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bam, Jamy-Lee |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Cloete, Keith |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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