A Third Dose of an Inactivated Vaccine Dramatically Increased the Levels and Decay Times of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies, but Disappointingly Declined Again : A Prospective, Longitudinal, Cohort Study at 18 Serial Time Points Over 368 Days
Copyright © 2022 Liang, Xu, Jia, Wu, Liu, Lin, Liu and Yang..
Background: Due to anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody decay and SARS-CoV-2 variants, vaccine booster doses are a constant concern. It was focused on whether the third dose can quickly evoke and activate immunity and produce a sufficient and durable immune protection.
Objectives: To evaluate the responses and durations of five subsets of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their predictive values for protection after the administration of a three-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines regimens.
Methods: A prospective cohort study of five subsets of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (neutralizing antibody, anti-RBD total antibody, anti-Spike IgG, anti-Spike IgM, and anti-Spike IgA) was carried out to evaluate the efficacies and immune characteristics of a three-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines regimen in 32 volunteers. The dynamic response and immune decay were longitudinally profiled at 18 serial time points over 368 days.
Results: The neutralizing antibody, anti-RBD total antibody, anti-Spike IgG and anti-Spike IgA levels rapidly increased to 773.60 (380.90-1273.00) IU/mL, 639.30 (399.60-878.60) AU/mL, 34.48 (16.83-44.68) S/CO and 0.91 (0.35-1.14) S/CO, respectively, after the administration of the third dose. Compared to the peak value after the second dose, these values were increased by 4.22-fold, 3.71-fold, 1.01-fold and 0.92-fold. On the other hand, the half-lives of the neutralizing antibody, anti-RBD total antibody, and anti-Spike IgG were 56.26 (95% CI, 46.81 to 70.49) days, 66.37 (95% CI, 54.90 to 83.88) days, and 82.91 (95% CI, 63.65 to 118.89) days, respectively. Compared to the half-lives after the second dose, these values were increased by 1.71-fold, 2.00-fold, and 2.93-fold, respectively. Nevertheless, the positive conversion rate of anti-Spike IgM was decreased to 9.38% (3/32), which was much lower than that after the second dose (65.63% (21/32)).
Conclusions: Compared to the second dose, the third dose dramatically increased the antibody levels and decay times. However, the half-life of neutralizing antibody remained unsatisfactory. Due to decay, a fourth dose, and even annual revaccination, might be considered in the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination management strategy.
Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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Erschienen: |
2022 |
Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:13 |
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Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in immunology - 13(2022) vom: 14., Seite 876037 |
Sprache: |
Englisch |
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Beteiligte Personen: |
Liang, Xian-Ming [VerfasserIn] |
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Links: |
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Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 19.05.2022 Date Revised 16.07.2022 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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doi: |
10.3389/fimmu.2022.876037 |
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Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM340954116 |
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245 | 1 | 2 | |a A Third Dose of an Inactivated Vaccine Dramatically Increased the Levels and Decay Times of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies, but Disappointingly Declined Again |b A Prospective, Longitudinal, Cohort Study at 18 Serial Time Points Over 368 Days |
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500 | |a Date Revised 16.07.2022 | ||
500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
520 | |a Copyright © 2022 Liang, Xu, Jia, Wu, Liu, Lin, Liu and Yang. | ||
520 | |a Background: Due to anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody decay and SARS-CoV-2 variants, vaccine booster doses are a constant concern. It was focused on whether the third dose can quickly evoke and activate immunity and produce a sufficient and durable immune protection | ||
520 | |a Objectives: To evaluate the responses and durations of five subsets of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their predictive values for protection after the administration of a three-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines regimens | ||
520 | |a Methods: A prospective cohort study of five subsets of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (neutralizing antibody, anti-RBD total antibody, anti-Spike IgG, anti-Spike IgM, and anti-Spike IgA) was carried out to evaluate the efficacies and immune characteristics of a three-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines regimen in 32 volunteers. The dynamic response and immune decay were longitudinally profiled at 18 serial time points over 368 days | ||
520 | |a Results: The neutralizing antibody, anti-RBD total antibody, anti-Spike IgG and anti-Spike IgA levels rapidly increased to 773.60 (380.90-1273.00) IU/mL, 639.30 (399.60-878.60) AU/mL, 34.48 (16.83-44.68) S/CO and 0.91 (0.35-1.14) S/CO, respectively, after the administration of the third dose. Compared to the peak value after the second dose, these values were increased by 4.22-fold, 3.71-fold, 1.01-fold and 0.92-fold. On the other hand, the half-lives of the neutralizing antibody, anti-RBD total antibody, and anti-Spike IgG were 56.26 (95% CI, 46.81 to 70.49) days, 66.37 (95% CI, 54.90 to 83.88) days, and 82.91 (95% CI, 63.65 to 118.89) days, respectively. Compared to the half-lives after the second dose, these values were increased by 1.71-fold, 2.00-fold, and 2.93-fold, respectively. Nevertheless, the positive conversion rate of anti-Spike IgM was decreased to 9.38% (3/32), which was much lower than that after the second dose (65.63% (21/32)) | ||
520 | |a Conclusions: Compared to the second dose, the third dose dramatically increased the antibody levels and decay times. However, the half-life of neutralizing antibody remained unsatisfactory. Due to decay, a fourth dose, and even annual revaccination, might be considered in the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination management strategy | ||
650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
650 | 4 | |a CoronaVac | |
650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
650 | 4 | |a anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody | |
650 | 4 | |a neutralizing antibody | |
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650 | 7 | |a COVID-19 Vaccines |2 NLM | |
650 | 7 | |a Immunoglobulin A |2 NLM | |
650 | 7 | |a Immunoglobulin G |2 NLM | |
650 | 7 | |a Immunoglobulin M |2 NLM | |
650 | 7 | |a Vaccines, Inactivated |2 NLM | |
700 | 1 | |a Xu, Qiu-Yan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Jia, Zhi-Juan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Liu, Yan-Yun |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Lin, Li-Rong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Liu, Li-Li |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Yang, Tian-Ci |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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