Decline in Antibody Concentration 6 Months After Two Doses of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients and Healthy Controls
Copyright © 2022 Hamm, Møller, Pérez-Alós, Hansen, Pries-Heje, Heftdal, Hasselbalch, Fogh, Madsen, Almagro Armenteros, Knudsen, Poulsen, Frikke-Schmidt, Hilsted, Sørensen, Ostrowski, Harboe, Perch, Sørensen, Rasmussen, Bundgaard, Garred, Iversen and Nielsen..
Background: Previous studies have indicated inferior responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We examined the development of anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) after two doses of BNT162b2b in SOT recipients 6 months after vaccination and compared to that of immunocompetent controls.
Methods: We measured anti-RBD IgG after two doses of BNT162b2 in 200 SOT recipients and 200 matched healthy controls up to 6 months after first vaccination. Anti-RBD IgG concentration and neutralizing capacity of antibodies were measured at first and second doses of BNT162b2 and 2 and 6 months after the first dose. T-cell responses were measured 6 months after the first dose.
Results: In SOT recipients, geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-RBD IgG increased from first to second dose (1.14 AU/ml, 95% CI 1.08-1.24 to 11.97 AU/ml, 95% CI 7.73-18.77) and from second dose to 2 months (249.29 AU/ml, 95% CI 153.70-385.19). Six months after the first vaccine, anti-RBD IgG declined (55.85 AU/ml, 95% CI 36.95-83.33). At all time points, anti-RBD IgG was lower in SOT recipients than that in controls. Fewer SOT recipients than controls had a cellular response (13.1% vs. 59.4%, p < 0.001). Risk factors associated with humoral non-response included age [relative risk (RR) 1.23 per 10-year increase, 95% CI 1.11-1.35, p < 0.001], being within 1 year from transplantation (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.30-1.85, p < 0.001), treatment with mycophenolate (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09-2.18, p = 0.015), treatment with corticosteroids (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.90, p = 0.009), kidney transplantation (RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.25-2.30, p = 0.001), lung transplantation (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16-2.29, p = 0.005), and de novo non-skin cancer comorbidity (RR 1.52, 95% CI, 1.26-1.82, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Immune responses to BNT162b2 are inferior in SOT recipients compared to healthy controls, and studies aiming to determine the clinical impact of inferior vaccine responses are warranted.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:13 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in immunology - 13(2022) vom: 15., Seite 832501 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Hamm, Sebastian Rask [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 21.03.2022 Date Revised 21.03.2022 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3389/fimmu.2022.832501 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM338117873 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hamm, Sebastian Rask |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Decline in Antibody Concentration 6 Months After Two Doses of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients and Healthy Controls |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 21.03.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2022 Hamm, Møller, Pérez-Alós, Hansen, Pries-Heje, Heftdal, Hasselbalch, Fogh, Madsen, Almagro Armenteros, Knudsen, Poulsen, Frikke-Schmidt, Hilsted, Sørensen, Ostrowski, Harboe, Perch, Sørensen, Rasmussen, Bundgaard, Garred, Iversen and Nielsen. | ||
| 520 | |a Background: Previous studies have indicated inferior responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We examined the development of anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) after two doses of BNT162b2b in SOT recipients 6 months after vaccination and compared to that of immunocompetent controls | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: We measured anti-RBD IgG after two doses of BNT162b2 in 200 SOT recipients and 200 matched healthy controls up to 6 months after first vaccination. Anti-RBD IgG concentration and neutralizing capacity of antibodies were measured at first and second doses of BNT162b2 and 2 and 6 months after the first dose. T-cell responses were measured 6 months after the first dose | ||
| 520 | |a Results: In SOT recipients, geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-RBD IgG increased from first to second dose (1.14 AU/ml, 95% CI 1.08-1.24 to 11.97 AU/ml, 95% CI 7.73-18.77) and from second dose to 2 months (249.29 AU/ml, 95% CI 153.70-385.19). Six months after the first vaccine, anti-RBD IgG declined (55.85 AU/ml, 95% CI 36.95-83.33). At all time points, anti-RBD IgG was lower in SOT recipients than that in controls. Fewer SOT recipients than controls had a cellular response (13.1% vs. 59.4%, p < 0.001). Risk factors associated with humoral non-response included age [relative risk (RR) 1.23 per 10-year increase, 95% CI 1.11-1.35, p < 0.001], being within 1 year from transplantation (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.30-1.85, p < 0.001), treatment with mycophenolate (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09-2.18, p = 0.015), treatment with corticosteroids (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.90, p = 0.009), kidney transplantation (RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.25-2.30, p = 0.001), lung transplantation (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16-2.29, p = 0.005), and de novo non-skin cancer comorbidity (RR 1.52, 95% CI, 1.26-1.82, p < 0.001) | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusion: Immune responses to BNT162b2 are inferior in SOT recipients compared to healthy controls, and studies aiming to determine the clinical impact of inferior vaccine responses are warranted | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a BNT162b2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a immunogenicity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a solid organ transplant recipient | |
| 650 | 4 | |a vaccination | |
| 650 | 4 | |a vaccine | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Antibodies, Neutralizing |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Antibodies, Viral |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a BNT162 Vaccine |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a N38TVC63NU |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Møller, Dina Leth |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pérez-Alós, Laura |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hansen, Cecilie Bo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pries-Heje, Mia Marie |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Heftdal, Line Dam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hasselbalch, Rasmus Bo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fogh, Kamille |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Madsen, Johannes Roth |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Almagro Armenteros, Jose Juan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Knudsen, Andreas Dehlbæk |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Poulsen, Johan Runge |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hilsted, Linda Maria |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sørensen, Erik |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ostrowski, Sisse Rye |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Harboe, Zitta Barrella |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Perch, Michael |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sørensen, Søren Schwartz |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rasmussen, Allan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bundgaard, Henning |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Garred, Peter |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Iversen, Kasper |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nielsen, Susanne Dam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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