Interplay of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptors, LRPs, and Lipoproteins in Pulmonary Hypertension
© 2022 The Authors..
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family includes LDLR, very LDLR, and LDL receptor-related proteins (LRPs) such as LRP1, LRP1b (aka LRP-DIT), LRP2 (aka megalin), LRP4, and LRP5/6, and LRP8 (aka ApoER2). LDLR family members constitute a class of closely related multifunctional, transmembrane receptors, with diverse functions, from embryonic development to cancer, lipid metabolism, and cardiovascular homeostasis. While LDLR family members have been studied extensively in the systemic circulation in the context of atherosclerosis, their roles in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are understudied and largely unknown. Endothelial dysfunction, tissue infiltration of monocytes, and proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells are hallmarks of PAH, leading to vascular remodeling, obliteration, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, heart failure, and death. LDLR family members are entangled with the aforementioned detrimental processes by controlling many pathways that are dysregulated in PAH; these include lipid metabolism and oxidation, but also platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor β1, Wnt, apolipoprotein E, bone morpohogenetic proteins, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. In this paper, we discuss the current knowledge on LDLR family members in PAH. We also review mechanisms and drugs discovered in biological contexts and diseases other than PAH that are likely very relevant in the hypertensive pulmonary vasculature and the future care of patients with PAH or other chronic, progressive, debilitating cardiovascular diseases.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:7 |
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| Enthalten in: |
JACC. Basic to translational science - 7(2022), 2 vom: 04. Feb., Seite 164-180 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Calvier, Laurent [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 18.05.2022 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.09.011 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM337880484 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Interplay of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptors, LRPs, and Lipoproteins in Pulmonary Hypertension |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 18.05.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2022 The Authors. | ||
| 520 | |a The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family includes LDLR, very LDLR, and LDL receptor-related proteins (LRPs) such as LRP1, LRP1b (aka LRP-DIT), LRP2 (aka megalin), LRP4, and LRP5/6, and LRP8 (aka ApoER2). LDLR family members constitute a class of closely related multifunctional, transmembrane receptors, with diverse functions, from embryonic development to cancer, lipid metabolism, and cardiovascular homeostasis. While LDLR family members have been studied extensively in the systemic circulation in the context of atherosclerosis, their roles in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are understudied and largely unknown. Endothelial dysfunction, tissue infiltration of monocytes, and proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells are hallmarks of PAH, leading to vascular remodeling, obliteration, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, heart failure, and death. LDLR family members are entangled with the aforementioned detrimental processes by controlling many pathways that are dysregulated in PAH; these include lipid metabolism and oxidation, but also platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor β1, Wnt, apolipoprotein E, bone morpohogenetic proteins, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. In this paper, we discuss the current knowledge on LDLR family members in PAH. We also review mechanisms and drugs discovered in biological contexts and diseases other than PAH that are likely very relevant in the hypertensive pulmonary vasculature and the future care of patients with PAH or other chronic, progressive, debilitating cardiovascular diseases | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Review | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ApoE, apolipoprotein E | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Apoer2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a BMP | |
| 650 | 4 | |a BMPR, bone morphogenetic protein receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a BMPR2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | |
| 650 | 4 | |a CTGF, connective tissue growth factor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a HDL, high-density lipoprotein | |
| 650 | 4 | |a KO, knockout | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LDL receptor related protein | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LDL, low-density lipoprotein | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LDLR | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LDLR, low-density lipoprotein receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP, low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP1 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP1B | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP4 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP5 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP6 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a LRP8 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a MEgf7 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mesd, mesoderm development | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PAH | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PASMC, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PDGF | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PDGFR-β, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PH, pulmonary hypertension | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PPARγ | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PVD | |
| 650 | 4 | |a RV, right ventricle/ventricular | |
| 650 | 4 | |a RVHF | |
| 650 | 4 | |a RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure | |
| 650 | 4 | |a TGF-β1 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a TGF-β1, transforming growth factor β1 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a TGFBR, transforming growth factor β1 receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a TNF, tumor necrosis factor receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a VLDLR | |
| 650 | 4 | |a VLDLR, very low density lipoprotein receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wnt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a apolipoprotein E receptor 2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a endothelial cell | |
| 650 | 4 | |a gp330 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a low-density lipoprotein receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a mRNA, messenger RNA | |
| 650 | 4 | |a megalin | |
| 650 | 4 | |a monocyte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains 7 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a pulmonary arterial hypertension | |
| 650 | 4 | |a pulmonary vascular disease | |
| 650 | 4 | |a right ventricle heart failure | |
| 650 | 4 | |a smooth muscle cell | |
| 650 | 4 | |a very low density lipoprotein receptor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a β-catenin | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Herz, Joachim |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hansmann, Georg |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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