Occurrence of opportunistic pathogens in private wells after major flooding events : A four state molecular survey
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved..
Private wells can become contaminated with waterborne pathogens during flooding events; however, testing efforts focus almost exclusively on fecal indicator bacteria. Opportunistic pathogens (OPs), which are the leading cause of identified waterborne disease in the United States, are understudied in private wells. We conducted a quantitative polymerase chain reaction survey of Legionella spp., L. pneumophila, Mycobacterium spp., M. avium, Naegleria fowleri, and shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli gene markers and total coliform and E. coli in drinking water supplied by private wells following the Louisiana Floods (2016), Hurricane Harvey (2017), Hurricane Irma (2017), and Hurricane Florence (2018). Self-reported well characteristics and recovery status were collected via questionnaires. Of the 211 water samples collected, 40.3% and 5.2% were positive for total coliform and E. coli, which were slightly elevated positivity rates compared to prior work in coastal aquifers. DNA markers for Legionella and Mycobacterium were detected in 54.5% and 36.5% of samples, with L. pneumophila and M. avium detected in 15.6% and 17.1%, which was a similar positivity rate relative to municipal system surveys. Total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies were positively associated with Legionella and Mycobacterium, indicating that conditions that favor occurrence of general bacteria can also favor OPs. N. fowleri DNA was detected in 6.6% of samples and was the only OP that was more prevalent in submerged wells compared to non-submerged wells. Self-reported well characteristics were not associated with OP occurrence. This study exposes the value of routine baseline monitoring and timely sampling after flooding events in order to effectively assess well water contamination risks.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:826 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
The Science of the total environment - 826(2022) vom: 20. Juni, Seite 153901 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Mapili, Kris [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| Links: |
|---|
| Themen: |
Drinking Water |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 04.05.2022 Date Revised 04.05.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153901 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM337144869 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000naa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | NLM337144869 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20231225233737.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 231225s2022 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153901 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a pubmed24n1123.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)NLM337144869 | ||
| 035 | |a (NLM)35182640 | ||
| 035 | |a (PII)S0048-9697(22)00993-7 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Mapili, Kris |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Occurrence of opportunistic pathogens in private wells after major flooding events |b A four state molecular survey |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ƒaComputermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a ƒa Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 04.05.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 04.05.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a Private wells can become contaminated with waterborne pathogens during flooding events; however, testing efforts focus almost exclusively on fecal indicator bacteria. Opportunistic pathogens (OPs), which are the leading cause of identified waterborne disease in the United States, are understudied in private wells. We conducted a quantitative polymerase chain reaction survey of Legionella spp., L. pneumophila, Mycobacterium spp., M. avium, Naegleria fowleri, and shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli gene markers and total coliform and E. coli in drinking water supplied by private wells following the Louisiana Floods (2016), Hurricane Harvey (2017), Hurricane Irma (2017), and Hurricane Florence (2018). Self-reported well characteristics and recovery status were collected via questionnaires. Of the 211 water samples collected, 40.3% and 5.2% were positive for total coliform and E. coli, which were slightly elevated positivity rates compared to prior work in coastal aquifers. DNA markers for Legionella and Mycobacterium were detected in 54.5% and 36.5% of samples, with L. pneumophila and M. avium detected in 15.6% and 17.1%, which was a similar positivity rate relative to municipal system surveys. Total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies were positively associated with Legionella and Mycobacterium, indicating that conditions that favor occurrence of general bacteria can also favor OPs. N. fowleri DNA was detected in 6.6% of samples and was the only OP that was more prevalent in submerged wells compared to non-submerged wells. Self-reported well characteristics were not associated with OP occurrence. This study exposes the value of routine baseline monitoring and timely sampling after flooding events in order to effectively assess well water contamination risks | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Flooding | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Monitoring | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Opportunistic pathogens | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Private wells | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Drinking Water |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a RNA, Ribosomal, 16S |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rhoads, William J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Coughter, Mary |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pieper, Kelsey J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Edwards, Marc A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pruden, Amy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t The Science of the total environment |d 1972 |g 826(2022) vom: 20. Juni, Seite 153901 |w (DE-627)NLM000215562 |x 1879-1026 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:826 |g year:2022 |g day:20 |g month:06 |g pages:153901 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153901 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_NLM | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 826 |j 2022 |b 20 |c 06 |h 153901 | ||