OxVent : Design and evaluation of a rapidly-manufactured Covid-19 ventilator
Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved..
BACKGROUND: The manufacturing of any standard mechanical ventilator cannot rapidly be upscaled to several thousand units per week, largely due to supply chain limitations. The aim of this study was to design, verify and perform a pre-clinical evaluation of a mechanical ventilator based on components not required for standard ventilators, and that met the specifications provided by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for rapidly-manufactured ventilator systems (RMVS).
METHODS: The design utilises closed-loop negative feedback control, with real-time monitoring and alarms. Using a standard test lung, we determined the difference between delivered and target tidal volume (VT) at respiratory rates between 20 and 29 breaths per minute, and the ventilator's ability to deliver consistent VT during continuous operation for >14 days (RMVS specification). Additionally, four anaesthetised domestic pigs (3 male-1 female) were studied before and after lung injury to provide evidence of the ventilator's functionality, and ability to support spontaneous breathing.
FINDINGS: Continuous operation lasted 23 days, when the greatest difference between delivered and target VT was 10% at inspiratory flow rates >825 mL/s. In the pre-clinical evaluation, the VT difference was -1 (-90 to 88) mL [mean (LoA)], and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) difference was -2 (-8 to 4) cmH2O. VT delivery being triggered by pressures below PEEP demonstrated spontaneous ventilation support.
INTERPRETATION: The mechanical ventilator presented meets the MHRA therapy standards for RMVS and, being based on largely available components, can be manufactured at scale.
FUNDING: Work supported by Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Medical Engineering,King's Together Fund and Oxford University.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:76 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
EBioMedicine - 76(2022) vom: 14. Feb., Seite 103868 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Links: |
|---|
| Themen: |
Biomedical engineering |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 02.03.2022 Date Revised 06.03.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103868 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM337048835 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000caa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | NLM337048835 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20240306232100.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 231225s2022 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103868 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a pubmed24n1318.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)NLM337048835 | ||
| 035 | |a (NLM)35172957 | ||
| 035 | |a (PII)S2352-3964(22)00052-4 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Beale, Richard |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a OxVent |b Design and evaluation of a rapidly-manufactured Covid-19 ventilator |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ƒaComputermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a ƒa Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 02.03.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 06.03.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: The manufacturing of any standard mechanical ventilator cannot rapidly be upscaled to several thousand units per week, largely due to supply chain limitations. The aim of this study was to design, verify and perform a pre-clinical evaluation of a mechanical ventilator based on components not required for standard ventilators, and that met the specifications provided by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for rapidly-manufactured ventilator systems (RMVS) | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: The design utilises closed-loop negative feedback control, with real-time monitoring and alarms. Using a standard test lung, we determined the difference between delivered and target tidal volume (VT) at respiratory rates between 20 and 29 breaths per minute, and the ventilator's ability to deliver consistent VT during continuous operation for >14 days (RMVS specification). Additionally, four anaesthetised domestic pigs (3 male-1 female) were studied before and after lung injury to provide evidence of the ventilator's functionality, and ability to support spontaneous breathing | ||
| 520 | |a FINDINGS: Continuous operation lasted 23 days, when the greatest difference between delivered and target VT was 10% at inspiratory flow rates >825 mL/s. In the pre-clinical evaluation, the VT difference was -1 (-90 to 88) mL [mean (LoA)], and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) difference was -2 (-8 to 4) cmH2O. VT delivery being triggered by pressures below PEEP demonstrated spontaneous ventilation support | ||
| 520 | |a INTERPRETATION: The mechanical ventilator presented meets the MHRA therapy standards for RMVS and, being based on largely available components, can be manufactured at scale | ||
| 520 | |a FUNDING: Work supported by Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Medical Engineering,King's Together Fund and Oxford University | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biomedical engineering | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Covid-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Critical care | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiration (artificial) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rosendo, Jacqueline Beddoe |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bergeles, Christos |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Beverly, Anair |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Camporota, Luigi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Castrejón-Pita, Alfonso A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Crockett, Douglas C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cronin, John N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Denison, Timothy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a East, Sebastian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Edwardes, Chantal |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Farmery, Andrew D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fele, Filiberto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fisk, James |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fuenteslópez, Carla V |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Garstka, Michael |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Goulart, Paul |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Heaysman, Clare |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hussain, Azad |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jha, Prashant |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kempf, Idris |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kumar, Adhithya Senthil |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Möslein, Annika |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Orr, Andrew C J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ourselin, Sebastien |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Salisbury, David |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Seneci, Carlo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Staruch, Robert |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Steel, Harrison |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Thompson, Mark |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tran, Minh C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Vitiello, Valentina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xochicale, Miguel |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhou, Feibiao |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Formenti, Federico |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kirk, Thomas |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t EBioMedicine |d 2014 |g 76(2022) vom: 14. Feb., Seite 103868 |w (DE-627)NLM244581355 |x 2352-3964 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:76 |g year:2022 |g day:14 |g month:02 |g pages:103868 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103868 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_NLM | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 76 |j 2022 |b 14 |c 02 |h 103868 | ||