The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income : A meta-analysis
© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC..
The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID-19's case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta-analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID-19 for every country reporting COVID-19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta-analyses for CFR of COVID-19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed- and random-model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random-model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random-model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high-income countries, pooled estimates and fixed-model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random-model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle-income, the pooled estimates and fixed-model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low-income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID-19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:94 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of medical virology - 94(2022), 6 vom: 15. Juni, Seite 2402-2413 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Abou Ghayda, Ramy [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
COVID-19 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 19.04.2022 Date Revised 16.07.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1002/jmv.27610 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM336335598 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Abou Ghayda, Ramy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income |b A meta-analysis |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 16.07.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. | ||
| 520 | |a The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID-19's case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta-analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID-19 for every country reporting COVID-19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta-analyses for CFR of COVID-19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed- and random-model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random-model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random-model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high-income countries, pooled estimates and fixed-model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random-model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle-income, the pooled estimates and fixed-model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low-income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID-19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Meta-Analysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a case fatality rate | |
| 650 | 4 | |a continents | |
| 650 | 4 | |a proportion meta-analysis | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Jeong, Gwang Hum |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yang, Jae Won |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Hyo Jeong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Jinhee |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Jun Young |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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