Immunological and clinical efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations : a systematic review
Copyright © 2021 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved..
BACKGROUND: Available data show that COVID-19 vaccines may be less effective in immunocompromised populations, who are at increased risk of severe COVID-19.
OBJECTIVES: We conducted a systematic review of literature to assess immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations.
DATA SOURCES: We searched Medline and Embase databases.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PATIENTS, INTERVENTIONS: We included studies of COVID-19 vaccines after complete vaccination in immunocompromised patients until 31 August 2021. Studies with <10 patients, safety data only and case series of breakthrough infections were excluded.
METHODS: Risk of bias was assessed via the tool developed by the National Institutes of Health on interventional and observational studies. Immunogenicity was assessed through non-response rate defined as no anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, efficacy and effectiveness by the relative reduction in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19. We collected factors associated with the risk of non-response. We presented collected data by immunosuppression type.
RESULTS: We screened 5917 results, included 162 studies. There were 157 on immunogenicity in 25 209 participants, including 7835 cancer or haematological malignancy patients (31.1%), 6302 patients on dialysis (25.0%), 5974 solid organ transplant recipients (23.7%) and 4680 immune-mediated disease patients (18.6%). Proportion of non-responders seemed higher among solid organ transplant recipients (range 18-100%) and patients with haematological malignancy (range 14-61%), and lower in patients with cancer (range 2-36%) and patients on dialysis (range 2-30%). Risk factors for non-response included older age, use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressive or anti-CD20 agent. Ten studies evaluated immunogenicity of an additional dose. Five studies evaluated vaccine efficacy or effectiveness: three on SARS-CoV-2 infection (range 71-81%), one on COVID-19-related hospitalization (62.9%), one had a too small sample size.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review highlights the risk of low immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations, especially solid organ transplant recipients and patients with haematological malignancy. Despite lack of vaccine effectiveness data, enhanced vaccine regimens may be necessary.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:28 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - 28(2022), 2 vom: 22. Feb., Seite 163-177 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Galmiche, Simon [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| Links: |
|---|
| Themen: |
Antibodies, Viral |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 31.01.2022 Date Revised 08.11.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.036 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM335555071 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000naa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | NLM335555071 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20231225230120.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 231225s2022 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.036 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a pubmed24n1118.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)NLM335555071 | ||
| 035 | |a (NLM)35020589 | ||
| 035 | |a (PII)S1198-743X(21)00566-8 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Galmiche, Simon |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Immunological and clinical efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations |b a systematic review |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ƒaComputermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a ƒa Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 31.01.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 08.11.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Available data show that COVID-19 vaccines may be less effective in immunocompromised populations, who are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: We conducted a systematic review of literature to assess immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations | ||
| 520 | |a DATA SOURCES: We searched Medline and Embase databases | ||
| 520 | |a STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PATIENTS, INTERVENTIONS: We included studies of COVID-19 vaccines after complete vaccination in immunocompromised patients until 31 August 2021. Studies with <10 patients, safety data only and case series of breakthrough infections were excluded | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Risk of bias was assessed via the tool developed by the National Institutes of Health on interventional and observational studies. Immunogenicity was assessed through non-response rate defined as no anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, efficacy and effectiveness by the relative reduction in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19. We collected factors associated with the risk of non-response. We presented collected data by immunosuppression type | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: We screened 5917 results, included 162 studies. There were 157 on immunogenicity in 25 209 participants, including 7835 cancer or haematological malignancy patients (31.1%), 6302 patients on dialysis (25.0%), 5974 solid organ transplant recipients (23.7%) and 4680 immune-mediated disease patients (18.6%). Proportion of non-responders seemed higher among solid organ transplant recipients (range 18-100%) and patients with haematological malignancy (range 14-61%), and lower in patients with cancer (range 2-36%) and patients on dialysis (range 2-30%). Risk factors for non-response included older age, use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressive or anti-CD20 agent. Ten studies evaluated immunogenicity of an additional dose. Five studies evaluated vaccine efficacy or effectiveness: three on SARS-CoV-2 infection (range 71-81%), one on COVID-19-related hospitalization (62.9%), one had a too small sample size | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review highlights the risk of low immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations, especially solid organ transplant recipients and patients with haematological malignancy. Despite lack of vaccine effectiveness data, enhanced vaccine regimens may be necessary | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Review | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Systematic Review | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cancer | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dialysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Effectiveness | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Efficacy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Immunogenicity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 immunocompromised | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Solid organ transplant | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaccine | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Antibodies, Viral |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a COVID-19 Vaccines |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Luong Nguyen, Liem Binh |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tartour, Eric |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Lamballerie, Xavier |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wittkop, Linda |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Loubet, Paul |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Launay, Odile |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |d 1995 |g 28(2022), 2 vom: 22. Feb., Seite 163-177 |w (DE-627)NLM094580014 |x 1469-0691 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:28 |g year:2022 |g number:2 |g day:22 |g month:02 |g pages:163-177 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.036 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_NLM | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 28 |j 2022 |e 2 |b 22 |c 02 |h 163-177 | ||