Plasma neutralization properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
BACKGROUND: The Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant has spread internationally and is responsible for rapidly increasing case numbers. The emergence of divergent variants in the context of a heterogeneous and evolving neutralizing antibody response in host populations might compromise protection afforded by vaccines or prior infection.
METHODS: We measured neutralizing antibody titers in 169 longitudinally collected plasma samples using pseudotypes bearing the Wuhan-hu-1 or the Omicron variant or a laboratory-designed neutralization-resistant SARS-CoV-2 spike (PMS20). Plasmas were obtained from convalescents who did or did not subsequently receive an mRNA vaccine, or naive individuals who received 3-doses of mRNA or 1-dose Ad26 vaccines. Samples were collected approximately 1, 5-6 and 12 months after initial vaccination or infection.
RESULTS: Like PMS20, the Omicron spike protein was substantially resistant to neutralization compared to Wuhan-hu-1. In convalescent plasma the median deficit in neutralizing activity against PMS20 or Omicron was 30- to 60-fold. Plasmas from recipients of 2 mRNA vaccine doses were 30- to 180- fold less potent against PMS20 and Omicron than Wuhan-hu-1. Notably, previously infected or two-mRNA dose vaccinated individuals who received additional mRNA vaccine dose(s) had 38 to 154-fold and 35 to 214-fold increases in neutralizing activity against Omicron and PMS20 respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Omicron exhibits similar distribution of sequence changes and neutralization resistance as does a laboratory-designed neutralization-resistant spike protein, suggesting natural evolutionary pressure to evade the human antibody response. Currently available mRNA vaccine boosters, that may promote antibody affinity maturation, significantly ameliorate SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers.
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| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2021 |
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| Enthalten in: |
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences - (2021) vom: 13. Dez. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Schmidt, Fabian [VerfasserIn] |
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Date Revised 09.02.2022 published: Electronic UpdateIn: N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 30;:. - PMID 35030645 Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1101/2021.12.12.21267646 |
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| 500 | |a UpdateIn: N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 30;:. - PMID 35030645 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: The Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant has spread internationally and is responsible for rapidly increasing case numbers. The emergence of divergent variants in the context of a heterogeneous and evolving neutralizing antibody response in host populations might compromise protection afforded by vaccines or prior infection | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We measured neutralizing antibody titers in 169 longitudinally collected plasma samples using pseudotypes bearing the Wuhan-hu-1 or the Omicron variant or a laboratory-designed neutralization-resistant SARS-CoV-2 spike (PMS20). Plasmas were obtained from convalescents who did or did not subsequently receive an mRNA vaccine, or naive individuals who received 3-doses of mRNA or 1-dose Ad26 vaccines. Samples were collected approximately 1, 5-6 and 12 months after initial vaccination or infection | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Like PMS20, the Omicron spike protein was substantially resistant to neutralization compared to Wuhan-hu-1. In convalescent plasma the median deficit in neutralizing activity against PMS20 or Omicron was 30- to 60-fold. Plasmas from recipients of 2 mRNA vaccine doses were 30- to 180- fold less potent against PMS20 and Omicron than Wuhan-hu-1. Notably, previously infected or two-mRNA dose vaccinated individuals who received additional mRNA vaccine dose(s) had 38 to 154-fold and 35 to 214-fold increases in neutralizing activity against Omicron and PMS20 respectively | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Omicron exhibits similar distribution of sequence changes and neutralization resistance as does a laboratory-designed neutralization-resistant spike protein, suggesting natural evolutionary pressure to evade the human antibody response. Currently available mRNA vaccine boosters, that may promote antibody affinity maturation, significantly ameliorate SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Preprint | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Muecksch, Frauke |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Weisblum, Yiska |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Da Silva, Justin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bednarski, Eva |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cho, Alice |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Zijun |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gaebler, Christian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Caskey, Marina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nussenzweig, Michel C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hatziioannou, Theodora |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bieniasz, Paul D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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