Diet-induced Fasting Ghrelin Elevation Reflects the Recovery of Insulin Sensitivity and Visceral Adiposity Regression
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissionsoup.com..
CONTEXT: Lower fasting ghrelin levels (FGL) are associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore the dynamics of FGL during weight loss and its metabolic and adiposity-related manifestations beyond weight loss.
METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a clinical trial that randomized participants with abdominal obesity/dyslipidemia to 1 of 3 diets: healthy dietary guidelines (HDG), Mediterranean diet (MED), or green-MED diet, all combined with physical activity (PA). Both MED diets were similarly hypocaloric and included 28 g/day walnuts. The green-MED group further consumed green tea (3-4 cups/day) and a Wolffia globosa (Mankai) plant green shake. We measured FGL and quantified body fat depots by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 18 months.
RESULTS: Among 294 participants (body mass index = 31.3 kg/m2; FGL = 504 ± 208 pg/mL; retention rate = 89.8%), lower FGL was associated with unfavorable cardiometabolic parameters such as higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intrahepatic fat, leptin, and blood pressure (P < 0.05 for all; multivariate models). The ∆FGL18-month differed between men (+7.3 ± 26.6%) and women (-9.2% ± 21.3%; P = 0.001). After 18 months of moderate and similar weight loss among the MED groups, FGL increased by 1.3%, 5.4%, and 10.5% in HDG, MED, and green-MED groups, respectively (P = 0.03 for green-MED vs HDG); sex-stratified analysis revealed similar changes in men only. Among men, FGL18-month elevation was associated with favorable changes in insulin resistance profile and VAT regression, after adjusting for relative weight loss (HbA1c: r = -0.216; homeostatic model of insulin resistance: r = -0.154; HDL-c: r = 0.147; VAT: r = -0.221; P < 0.05 for all). Insulin resistance and VAT remained inversely related with FGL elevation beyond that explained by weight loss (residual regression analyses; P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Diet-induced FGL elevation may reflect insulin sensitivity recovery and VAT regression beyond weight loss, specifically among men. Green-MED diet is associated with greater FGL elevation.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:107 |
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| Enthalten in: |
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism - 107(2022), 2 vom: 18. Jan., Seite 336-345 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Tsaban, Gal [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Fasting ghrelin |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 18.02.2022 Date Revised 18.02.2022 published: Print ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03020186 Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1210/clinem/dgab681 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM331844982 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Diet-induced Fasting Ghrelin Elevation Reflects the Recovery of Insulin Sensitivity and Visceral Adiposity Regression |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 18.02.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 18.02.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03020186 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissionsoup.com. | ||
| 520 | |a CONTEXT: Lower fasting ghrelin levels (FGL) are associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore the dynamics of FGL during weight loss and its metabolic and adiposity-related manifestations beyond weight loss | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a clinical trial that randomized participants with abdominal obesity/dyslipidemia to 1 of 3 diets: healthy dietary guidelines (HDG), Mediterranean diet (MED), or green-MED diet, all combined with physical activity (PA). Both MED diets were similarly hypocaloric and included 28 g/day walnuts. The green-MED group further consumed green tea (3-4 cups/day) and a Wolffia globosa (Mankai) plant green shake. We measured FGL and quantified body fat depots by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 18 months | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Among 294 participants (body mass index = 31.3 kg/m2; FGL = 504 ± 208 pg/mL; retention rate = 89.8%), lower FGL was associated with unfavorable cardiometabolic parameters such as higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intrahepatic fat, leptin, and blood pressure (P < 0.05 for all; multivariate models). The ∆FGL18-month differed between men (+7.3 ± 26.6%) and women (-9.2% ± 21.3%; P = 0.001). After 18 months of moderate and similar weight loss among the MED groups, FGL increased by 1.3%, 5.4%, and 10.5% in HDG, MED, and green-MED groups, respectively (P = 0.03 for green-MED vs HDG); sex-stratified analysis revealed similar changes in men only. Among men, FGL18-month elevation was associated with favorable changes in insulin resistance profile and VAT regression, after adjusting for relative weight loss (HbA1c: r = -0.216; homeostatic model of insulin resistance: r = -0.154; HDL-c: r = 0.147; VAT: r = -0.221; P < 0.05 for all). Insulin resistance and VAT remained inversely related with FGL elevation beyond that explained by weight loss (residual regression analyses; P < 0.05) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: Diet-induced FGL elevation may reflect insulin sensitivity recovery and VAT regression beyond weight loss, specifically among men. Green-MED diet is associated with greater FGL elevation | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Randomized Controlled Trial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a fasting ghrelin | |
| 650 | 4 | |a insulin resistance | |
| 650 | 4 | |a lifestyle intervention | |
| 650 | 4 | |a metabolic syndrome | |
| 650 | 4 | |a weight loss | |
| 650 | 7 | |a GHRL protein, human |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Ghrelin |2 NLM | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Zelicha, Hila |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rinott, Ehud |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kaplan, Alon |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shalev, Aryeh |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Katz, Amos |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Brikner, Dov |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Blüher, Matthias |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ceglarek, Uta |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stumvoll, Michael |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stampfer, Meir J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shai, Iris |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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