The potential clinical utility of measuring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific T-cell responses
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved..
BACKGROUND: Both humoral and cell-mediated responses are associated with immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although our understanding of the potential role of T-cell responses in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly increasing, more information is still needed.
OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of the role of T-cell immunity in COVID-19, in the context of natural infection and post-vaccination, and discuss the potential utility of measuring SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, drawing on experience of the use of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) in tuberculosis (TB).
SOURCES: PubMed articles up to 16 April 2021.
CONTENT: T-cell responses can be detected very early in the course of COVID-19, earlier than the detection of antibody responses, and are correlated with COVID-19 outcome. Lower CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts are markers of more severe disease, longer duration of viral RNA positivity and increased mortality. In line with natural infection, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination stimulates robust T-cell responses, which probably play an important role in protection; data on long-term T-cell responses are currently limited. The utility of measuring T-cell responses is already well established in both aiding the diagnosis of TB infection using IGRAs, and evaluation of T-cell responses to TB vaccine candidates. A variety of assays have already been developed to measure SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, including IGRAs, intracellular cytokine staining and activation-induced markers. IGRAs based on SARS-CoV-2 antigens can distinguish between convalescent and uninfected healthy blood donors.
IMPLICATIONS: Simple assays for measuring the quantity and function of T-cell responses may have utility in the prognostication of COVID-19, and for monitoring immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and population-based immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest.
Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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Erschienen: |
2021 |
Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:27 |
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Enthalten in: |
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - 27(2021), 12 vom: 15. Dez., Seite 1784-1789 |
Sprache: |
Englisch |
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Beteiligte Personen: |
Goletti, Delia [VerfasserIn] |
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Links: |
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Themen: |
Antibodies, Viral |
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Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 22.12.2021 Date Revised 03.01.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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doi: |
10.1016/j.cmi.2021.07.005 |
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funding: |
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Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM328018279 |
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520 | |a Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. | ||
520 | |a BACKGROUND: Both humoral and cell-mediated responses are associated with immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although our understanding of the potential role of T-cell responses in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly increasing, more information is still needed | ||
520 | |a OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of the role of T-cell immunity in COVID-19, in the context of natural infection and post-vaccination, and discuss the potential utility of measuring SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, drawing on experience of the use of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) in tuberculosis (TB) | ||
520 | |a SOURCES: PubMed articles up to 16 April 2021 | ||
520 | |a CONTENT: T-cell responses can be detected very early in the course of COVID-19, earlier than the detection of antibody responses, and are correlated with COVID-19 outcome. Lower CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts are markers of more severe disease, longer duration of viral RNA positivity and increased mortality. In line with natural infection, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination stimulates robust T-cell responses, which probably play an important role in protection; data on long-term T-cell responses are currently limited. The utility of measuring T-cell responses is already well established in both aiding the diagnosis of TB infection using IGRAs, and evaluation of T-cell responses to TB vaccine candidates. A variety of assays have already been developed to measure SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, including IGRAs, intracellular cytokine staining and activation-induced markers. IGRAs based on SARS-CoV-2 antigens can distinguish between convalescent and uninfected healthy blood donors | ||
520 | |a IMPLICATIONS: Simple assays for measuring the quantity and function of T-cell responses may have utility in the prognostication of COVID-19, and for monitoring immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and population-based immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest | ||
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