Why Plants Harbor Complex Endophytic Fungal Communities : Insights From Perennial Bunchgrass Stipagrostis sabulicola in the Namib Sand Sea
Copyright © 2021 Wenndt, Evans, van Diepeningen, Logan, Jacobson, Seely and Jacobson..
All perennial plants harbor diverse endophytic fungal communities, but why they tolerate these complex asymptomatic symbioses is unknown. Using a multi-pronged approach, we conclusively found that a dryland grass supports endophyte communities comprised predominantly of latent saprophytes that can enhance localized nutrient recycling after senescence. A perennial bunchgrass, Stipagrostis sabulicola, which persists along a gradient of extreme abiotic stress in the hyper-arid Namib Sand Sea, was the focal point of our study. Living tillers yielded 20 fungal endophyte taxa, 80% of which decomposed host litter during a 28-day laboratory decomposition assay. During a 6-month field experiment, tillers with endophytes decomposed twice as fast as sterilized tillers, consistent with the laboratory assay. Furthermore, profiling the community active during decomposition using next-generation sequencing revealed that 59-70% of the S. sabulicola endophyte community is comprised of latent saprophytes, and these dual-niche fungi still constitute a large proportion (58-62%) of the litter community more than a year after senescence. This study provides multiple lines of evidence that the fungal communities that initiate decomposition of standing litter develop in living plants, thus providing a plausible explanation for why plants harbor complex endophyte communities. Using frequent overnight non-rainfall moisture events (fog, dew, high humidity), these latent saprophytes can initiate decomposition of standing litter immediately after tiller senescence, thus maximizing the likelihood that plant-bound nutrients are recycled in situ and contribute to the nutrient island effect that is prevalent in drylands.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:12 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in microbiology - 12(2021) vom: 01., Seite 691584 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Wenndt, Anthony J [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Decomposition |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 26.06.2021 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3389/fmicb.2021.691584 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM327157909 |
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| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021 Wenndt, Evans, van Diepeningen, Logan, Jacobson, Seely and Jacobson. | ||
| 520 | |a All perennial plants harbor diverse endophytic fungal communities, but why they tolerate these complex asymptomatic symbioses is unknown. Using a multi-pronged approach, we conclusively found that a dryland grass supports endophyte communities comprised predominantly of latent saprophytes that can enhance localized nutrient recycling after senescence. A perennial bunchgrass, Stipagrostis sabulicola, which persists along a gradient of extreme abiotic stress in the hyper-arid Namib Sand Sea, was the focal point of our study. Living tillers yielded 20 fungal endophyte taxa, 80% of which decomposed host litter during a 28-day laboratory decomposition assay. During a 6-month field experiment, tillers with endophytes decomposed twice as fast as sterilized tillers, consistent with the laboratory assay. Furthermore, profiling the community active during decomposition using next-generation sequencing revealed that 59-70% of the S. sabulicola endophyte community is comprised of latent saprophytes, and these dual-niche fungi still constitute a large proportion (58-62%) of the litter community more than a year after senescence. This study provides multiple lines of evidence that the fungal communities that initiate decomposition of standing litter develop in living plants, thus providing a plausible explanation for why plants harbor complex endophyte communities. Using frequent overnight non-rainfall moisture events (fog, dew, high humidity), these latent saprophytes can initiate decomposition of standing litter immediately after tiller senescence, thus maximizing the likelihood that plant-bound nutrients are recycled in situ and contribute to the nutrient island effect that is prevalent in drylands | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Evans, Sarah E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a van Diepeningen, Anne D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Logan, J Robert |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jacobson, Peter J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Seely, Mary K |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jacobson, Kathryn M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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