A mixed-methods approach to elucidate SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes and clustering in outbreaks in native workers and labour migrants in the fruit and vegetable packaging industry in South Holland, the Netherlands, May to July 2020
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved..
OBJECTIVES: To obtain insight into SARS-CoV-2 clustering and transmission routes during outbreaks in the predominantly migrant workforce of the fruit and vegetable packaging industry of South Holland, the Netherlands, May to July 2020.
DESIGN: This mixed-methods study applied direct observation and interviews, epidemiologic investigation, source and contact data analysis and whole-genome sequencing.
RESULTS: We detected 46 SARS-CoV-2 cases and 4 outbreaks with a proportional representation of labour migrant and native workers in 6 unrelated facilities. Complete viral genome sequences revealed at least 3 clusters of native workers and labour migrants, 2 within and 1 between facilities. On-site inspections found adequate implementation of preventative measures to which both native workers and labour migrants showed suboptimal adherence. Being a labour migrant was associated with living in shared housing, but not with more contacts or different sources.
CONCLUSIONS: The fruit and vegetable packaging industry gave the impression of sufficient preparedness and control. Suboptimal adherence to the facilities' preventative guidelines could have facilitated work floor transmission. Community and household transmission are likely to have contributed to outbreaks. We encourage further research into risk factors for transmission in labour migrants and application of these insights into targeted public health policy.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:109 |
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| Enthalten in: |
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases - 109(2021) vom: 01. Aug., Seite 24-32 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Boogaard, Laura H [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
COVID-19 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 31.08.2021 Date Revised 24.04.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.ijid.2021.06.021 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM326869107 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Boogaard, Laura H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 2 | |a A mixed-methods approach to elucidate SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes and clustering in outbreaks in native workers and labour migrants in the fruit and vegetable packaging industry in South Holland, the Netherlands, May to July 2020 |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2021 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 24.04.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: To obtain insight into SARS-CoV-2 clustering and transmission routes during outbreaks in the predominantly migrant workforce of the fruit and vegetable packaging industry of South Holland, the Netherlands, May to July 2020 | ||
| 520 | |a DESIGN: This mixed-methods study applied direct observation and interviews, epidemiologic investigation, source and contact data analysis and whole-genome sequencing | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: We detected 46 SARS-CoV-2 cases and 4 outbreaks with a proportional representation of labour migrant and native workers in 6 unrelated facilities. Complete viral genome sequences revealed at least 3 clusters of native workers and labour migrants, 2 within and 1 between facilities. On-site inspections found adequate implementation of preventative measures to which both native workers and labour migrants showed suboptimal adherence. Being a labour migrant was associated with living in shared housing, but not with more contacts or different sources | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: The fruit and vegetable packaging industry gave the impression of sufficient preparedness and control. Suboptimal adherence to the facilities' preventative guidelines could have facilitated work floor transmission. Community and household transmission are likely to have contributed to outbreaks. We encourage further research into risk factors for transmission in labour migrants and application of these insights into targeted public health policy | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Food industry | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Labour migrants | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Transmission routes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Whole-genome sequencing | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sikkema, Reina S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a van Beek, Janko H G M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Brockhoff, Henricus J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dalebout, Eva |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Heus, Barry |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Niemansburg, Sophie L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nieuwenhuijse, David F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stougje, Danny |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Verspui, Ellen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Oude Munnink, Bas B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Koopmans, Marion P G |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fanoy, Ewout B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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