Predictors of Change in Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V..
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional data suggest that depression, anxiety, and stress have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, longitudinal research is needed to test changes in mental health and determine factors that contribute to change. The purpose of this study was to compare anxiety, depression, and stress pre-pandemic to during the pandemic within the same sample and identify predictors of change (i.e., disease threat, changes to daily life, social isolation, financial worries).
METHOD: Three national samples of U.S. adults were recruited through an online platform (Amazon's Mechanical Turk). Participants completed online surveys pre-pandemic (September - December 2019) and during the pandemic(April - June 2020).
RESULTS: Across the three samples, mini-meta analyses revealed significant increases in anxiety and stress (Cohen's ds = 0.17, 0.16, respectively; ps < 0.01). Financial concern and effects of COVID-19 on daily life predicted higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress during the pandemic across all three samples (ds = 0.24, 0.40, and 0.40, respectively; ps < 0.001).
LIMITATIONS: Response rates for follow-up surveys were relatively low, with some noted differences between those who did and did not complete both surveys.
CONCLUSIONS: Significant increases in anxiety and stress were observed across three samples of U.S. adults from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Financial concern and effects of the pandemic on daily life emerged as the most consistent predictors of psychological distress across these samples.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:291 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of affective disorders - 291(2021) vom: 01. Aug., Seite 331-337 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Haliwa, Ilana [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Anxiety |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 23.06.2021 Date Revised 18.12.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.045 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM326359028 |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 23.06.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 18.12.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional data suggest that depression, anxiety, and stress have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, longitudinal research is needed to test changes in mental health and determine factors that contribute to change. The purpose of this study was to compare anxiety, depression, and stress pre-pandemic to during the pandemic within the same sample and identify predictors of change (i.e., disease threat, changes to daily life, social isolation, financial worries) | ||
| 520 | |a METHOD: Three national samples of U.S. adults were recruited through an online platform (Amazon's Mechanical Turk). Participants completed online surveys pre-pandemic (September - December 2019) and during the pandemic(April - June 2020) | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Across the three samples, mini-meta analyses revealed significant increases in anxiety and stress (Cohen's ds = 0.17, 0.16, respectively; ps < 0.01). Financial concern and effects of COVID-19 on daily life predicted higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress during the pandemic across all three samples (ds = 0.24, 0.40, and 0.40, respectively; ps < 0.001) | ||
| 520 | |a LIMITATIONS: Response rates for follow-up surveys were relatively low, with some noted differences between those who did and did not complete both surveys | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Significant increases in anxiety and stress were observed across three samples of U.S. adults from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Financial concern and effects of the pandemic on daily life emerged as the most consistent predictors of psychological distress across these samples | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Anxiety | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Coronavirus | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Covid-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Depression | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Stress | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wilson, Jenna |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Jerin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shook, Natalie J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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