Infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children compared with adults
© 2021 CMA Joule Inc. or its licensors..
BACKGROUND: The role of children in the transmission and community spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. We aimed to quantify the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal samples from children compared with adults.
METHODS: We obtained nasopharyngeal swabs from adult and pediatric cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and from their contacts who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Manitoba between March and December 2020. We compared viral growth in cell culture, cycle threshold values from the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) gene and the 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50/mL) between adults and children.
RESULTS: Among 305 samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, 97 samples were from children aged 10 years or younger, 78 were from children aged 11-17 years and 130 were from adults (≥ 18 yr). Viral growth in culture was present in 31% of samples, including 18 (19%) samples from children 10 years or younger, 18 (23%) from children aged 11-17 years and 57 (44%) from adults (children v. adults, odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-0.72). The cycle threshold was 25.1 (95% CI 17.7-31.3) in children 10 years or younger, 22.2 (95% CI 18.3-29.0) in children aged 11-17 years and 18.7 (95% CI 17.9-30.4) in adults (p < 0.001). The median TCID50/mL was significantly lower in children aged 11-17 years (316, interquartile range [IQR] 178-2125) than adults (5620, IQR 1171 to 17 800, p < 0.001). Cycle threshold was an accurate predictor of positive culture in both children and adults (area under the receiver-operator curve, 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.93 v. 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96, p = 0.6).
INTERPRETATION: Compared with adults, children with nasopharyngeal swabs that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were less likely to grow virus in culture, and had higher cycle thresholds and lower viral concentrations, suggesting that children are not the main drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:193 |
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| Enthalten in: |
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne - 193(2021), 17 vom: 26. Apr., Seite E601-E606 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Bullard, Jared [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 06.05.2021 Date Revised 08.05.2021 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1503/cmaj.210263 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM323921337 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children compared with adults |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 06.05.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 08.05.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2021 CMA Joule Inc. or its licensors. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: The role of children in the transmission and community spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. We aimed to quantify the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal samples from children compared with adults | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We obtained nasopharyngeal swabs from adult and pediatric cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and from their contacts who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Manitoba between March and December 2020. We compared viral growth in cell culture, cycle threshold values from the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) gene and the 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50/mL) between adults and children | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Among 305 samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, 97 samples were from children aged 10 years or younger, 78 were from children aged 11-17 years and 130 were from adults (≥ 18 yr). Viral growth in culture was present in 31% of samples, including 18 (19%) samples from children 10 years or younger, 18 (23%) from children aged 11-17 years and 57 (44%) from adults (children v. adults, odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-0.72). The cycle threshold was 25.1 (95% CI 17.7-31.3) in children 10 years or younger, 22.2 (95% CI 18.3-29.0) in children aged 11-17 years and 18.7 (95% CI 17.9-30.4) in adults (p < 0.001). The median TCID50/mL was significantly lower in children aged 11-17 years (316, interquartile range [IQR] 178-2125) than adults (5620, IQR 1171 to 17 800, p < 0.001). Cycle threshold was an accurate predictor of positive culture in both children and adults (area under the receiver-operator curve, 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.93 v. 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96, p = 0.6) | ||
| 520 | |a INTERPRETATION: Compared with adults, children with nasopharyngeal swabs that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were less likely to grow virus in culture, and had higher cycle thresholds and lower viral concentrations, suggesting that children are not the main drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Funk, Duane |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dust, Kerry |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Garnett, Lauren |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tran, Kaylie |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bello, Alex |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Strong, James E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Santina J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Waruk, Jillian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hedley, Adam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Alexander, David |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Van Caeseele, Paul |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Loeppky, Carla |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Poliquin, Guillaume |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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