The differential impact of pediatric COVID-19 between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries : A systematic review of fatality and ICU admission in children worldwide
BACKGROUND: The overall global impact of COVID-19 in children and regional variability in pediatric outcomes are presently unknown.
METHODS: To evaluate the magnitude of global COVID-19 death and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in children aged 0-19 years, a systematic review was conducted for articles and national reports as of December 7, 2020. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020179696).
RESULTS: We reviewed 16,027 articles as well as 225 national reports from 216 countries. Among the 3,788 global pediatric COVID-19 deaths, 3,394 (91.5%) deaths were reported from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), while 83.5% of pediatric population from all included countries were from LMIC. The pediatric deaths/1,000,000 children and case fatality rate (CFR) were significantly higher in LMIC than in high-income countries (HIC) (2.77 in LMIC vs 1.32 in HIC; p < 0.001 and 0.24% in LMIC vs 0.01% in HIC; p < 0.001, respectively). The ICU admission/1,000,000 children was 18.80 and 1.48 in HIC and LMIC, respectively (p < 0.001). The highest deaths/1,000,000 children and CFR were in infants < 1 year old (10.03 and 0.58% in the world, 5.39 and 0.07% in HIC and 10.98 and 1.30% in LMIC, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights that there may be a larger impact of pediatric COVID-19 fatality in LMICs compared to HICs.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:16 |
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| Enthalten in: |
PloS one - 16(2021), 1 vom: 29., Seite e0246326 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Kitano, Taito [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 05.02.2021 Date Revised 06.02.2021 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1371/journal.pone.0246326 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM320746968 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Kitano, Taito |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The differential impact of pediatric COVID-19 between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries |b A systematic review of fatality and ICU admission in children worldwide |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 06.02.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: The overall global impact of COVID-19 in children and regional variability in pediatric outcomes are presently unknown | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: To evaluate the magnitude of global COVID-19 death and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in children aged 0-19 years, a systematic review was conducted for articles and national reports as of December 7, 2020. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020179696) | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: We reviewed 16,027 articles as well as 225 national reports from 216 countries. Among the 3,788 global pediatric COVID-19 deaths, 3,394 (91.5%) deaths were reported from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), while 83.5% of pediatric population from all included countries were from LMIC. The pediatric deaths/1,000,000 children and case fatality rate (CFR) were significantly higher in LMIC than in high-income countries (HIC) (2.77 in LMIC vs 1.32 in HIC; p < 0.001 and 0.24% in LMIC vs 0.01% in HIC; p < 0.001, respectively). The ICU admission/1,000,000 children was 18.80 and 1.48 in HIC and LMIC, respectively (p < 0.001). The highest deaths/1,000,000 children and CFR were in infants < 1 year old (10.03 and 0.58% in the world, 5.39 and 0.07% in HIC and 10.98 and 1.30% in LMIC, respectively) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights that there may be a larger impact of pediatric COVID-19 fatality in LMICs compared to HICs | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Systematic Review | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kitano, Mao |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Krueger, Carsten |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jamal, Hassan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Al Rawahi, Hatem |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee-Krueger, Rachelle |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sun, Rose Doulin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Isabel, Sandra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a García-Ascaso, Marta Taida |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hibino, Hiromi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Camara, Bettina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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