Conservation Agriculture-based Sustainable Intensification of Cereal Systems Leads to Energy Conservation, Higher Productivity and Farm Profitability
In the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia, the quadruple challenges of deteriorating soil quality, declining groundwater, energy shortages, and diminishing farm profitability threaten sustainability of conventional till (CT)-based cereal production systems. A 5-year study was conducted to evaluate the effect of conservation agriculture (CA)-based management (tillage, crop establishment, residue management, and system intensification through mungbean integration) on energy budget, water productivity, and economic profitability in cereal (rice-wheat, RW/maize-wheat, MW)-based systems compared with CT-based management. In CA systems, crop residues contributed the maximum (~76%) in total energy input (167,995 MJ ha-1); however, fertilizer application (nonrenewable energy source) contributed the maximum (43%) in total energy input (47,760 MJ ha-1) in CT-based systems. CA-based cereal (rice/maize) systems recorded higher net energy and energy-intensiveness (EI) levels of 251% and 300%, respectively, compared with those of the CT-based rice-wheat system (RW/CT) (295,217 MJ ha-1 and 46.05 MJ USD-1), irrespective of mungbean integration. MWMb/ZT+R utilized 204% more input energy, which resulted in 14% higher net energy and 229% higher EI compared with RW/CT. CA-based RW and MW systems enhanced the crop productivity by 10 and 16%, water productivity by 56 and 33%, and profitability by 34 and 36%, while saving in irrigation water by 38 and 32%, compared with their respective CT-based systems, respectively. CA-based system improved net energy, crop productivity, and profitability; therefore, it should be outscaled to improve the soil and environmental quality in north-west India.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2020 |
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| Erschienen: |
2020 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:65 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Environmental management - 65(2020), 6 vom: 17. Juni, Seite 774-786 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Jat, H S [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Conservation agriculture |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 04.02.2021 Date Revised 04.02.2021 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s00267-020-01273-w |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM307245861 |
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| 520 | |a In the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia, the quadruple challenges of deteriorating soil quality, declining groundwater, energy shortages, and diminishing farm profitability threaten sustainability of conventional till (CT)-based cereal production systems. A 5-year study was conducted to evaluate the effect of conservation agriculture (CA)-based management (tillage, crop establishment, residue management, and system intensification through mungbean integration) on energy budget, water productivity, and economic profitability in cereal (rice-wheat, RW/maize-wheat, MW)-based systems compared with CT-based management. In CA systems, crop residues contributed the maximum (~76%) in total energy input (167,995 MJ ha-1); however, fertilizer application (nonrenewable energy source) contributed the maximum (43%) in total energy input (47,760 MJ ha-1) in CT-based systems. CA-based cereal (rice/maize) systems recorded higher net energy and energy-intensiveness (EI) levels of 251% and 300%, respectively, compared with those of the CT-based rice-wheat system (RW/CT) (295,217 MJ ha-1 and 46.05 MJ USD-1), irrespective of mungbean integration. MWMb/ZT+R utilized 204% more input energy, which resulted in 14% higher net energy and 229% higher EI compared with RW/CT. CA-based RW and MW systems enhanced the crop productivity by 10 and 16%, water productivity by 56 and 33%, and profitability by 34 and 36%, while saving in irrigation water by 38 and 32%, compared with their respective CT-based systems, respectively. CA-based system improved net energy, crop productivity, and profitability; therefore, it should be outscaled to improve the soil and environmental quality in north-west India | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Conservation agriculture | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Energy indices | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Energy source and utilization pattern | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Residue management | |
| 650 | 4 | |a System productivity and profitability | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Soil |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Choudhary, K M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nandal, D P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yadav, A K |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Poonia, Tanuja |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Singh, Yadvinder |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sharma, P C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jat, M L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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