Climatic shifts drove major contractions in avian latitudinal distributions throughout the Cenozoic
Many higher level avian clades are restricted to Earth's lower latitudes, leading to historical biogeographic reconstructions favoring a Gondwanan origin of crown birds and numerous deep subclades. However, several such "tropical-restricted" clades (TRCs) are represented by stem-lineage fossils well outside the ranges of their closest living relatives, often on northern continents. To assess the drivers of these geographic disjunctions, we combined ecological niche modeling, paleoclimate models, and the early Cenozoic fossil record to examine the influence of climatic change on avian geographic distributions over the last ∼56 million years. By modeling the distribution of suitable habitable area through time, we illustrate that most Paleogene fossil-bearing localities would have been suitable for occupancy by extant TRC representatives when their stem-lineage fossils were deposited. Potentially suitable habitat for these TRCs is inferred to have become progressively restricted toward the tropics throughout the Cenozoic, culminating in relatively narrow circumtropical distributions in the present day. Our results are consistent with coarse-scale niche conservatism at the clade level and support a scenario whereby climate change over geological timescales has largely dictated the geographic distributions of many major avian clades. The distinctive modern bias toward high avian diversity at tropical latitudes for most hierarchical taxonomic levels may therefore represent a relatively recent phenomenon, overprinting a complex biogeographic history of dramatic geographic range shifts driven by Earth's changing climate, variable persistence, and intercontinental dispersal. Earth's current climatic trajectory portends a return to a megathermal state, which may dramatically influence the geographic distributions of many range-restricted extant clades.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2019 |
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| Erschienen: |
2019 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:116 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 116(2019), 26 vom: 25. Juni, Seite 12895-12900 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Saupe, Erin E [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 26.03.2020 Date Revised 23.03.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1073/pnas.1903866116 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM297996363 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Saupe, Erin E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Climatic shifts drove major contractions in avian latitudinal distributions throughout the Cenozoic |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2019 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 23.03.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Many higher level avian clades are restricted to Earth's lower latitudes, leading to historical biogeographic reconstructions favoring a Gondwanan origin of crown birds and numerous deep subclades. However, several such "tropical-restricted" clades (TRCs) are represented by stem-lineage fossils well outside the ranges of their closest living relatives, often on northern continents. To assess the drivers of these geographic disjunctions, we combined ecological niche modeling, paleoclimate models, and the early Cenozoic fossil record to examine the influence of climatic change on avian geographic distributions over the last ∼56 million years. By modeling the distribution of suitable habitable area through time, we illustrate that most Paleogene fossil-bearing localities would have been suitable for occupancy by extant TRC representatives when their stem-lineage fossils were deposited. Potentially suitable habitat for these TRCs is inferred to have become progressively restricted toward the tropics throughout the Cenozoic, culminating in relatively narrow circumtropical distributions in the present day. Our results are consistent with coarse-scale niche conservatism at the clade level and support a scenario whereby climate change over geological timescales has largely dictated the geographic distributions of many major avian clades. The distinctive modern bias toward high avian diversity at tropical latitudes for most hierarchical taxonomic levels may therefore represent a relatively recent phenomenon, overprinting a complex biogeographic history of dramatic geographic range shifts driven by Earth's changing climate, variable persistence, and intercontinental dispersal. Earth's current climatic trajectory portends a return to a megathermal state, which may dramatically influence the geographic distributions of many range-restricted extant clades | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. | |
| 650 | 4 | |a climate change | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ecological niche modeling | |
| 650 | 4 | |a historical biogeography | |
| 650 | 4 | |a latitudinal diversity gradient | |
| 650 | 4 | |a niche conservatism | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Farnsworth, Alexander |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lunt, Daniel J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sagoo, Navjit |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pham, Karen V |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Field, Daniel J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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