A Green-Mediterranean Diet, Supplemented with Mankai Duckweed, Preserves Iron-Homeostasis in Humans and Is Efficient in Reversal of Anemia in Rats
Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019..
BACKGROUND: Decreased dietary meat may deplete iron stores, as plant-derived iron bioavailability is typically limited.
OBJECTIVES: We explored the effect of a low-meat Mediterranean (green-MED) diet, supplemented with Wolffia globosa duckweed (Mankai: rich in protein and iron) as a food source for humans, on iron status. We further examined the iron bioavailability of Mankai in rats.
METHODS: Two hundred and ninety-four abdominally obese/dyslipidemic [mean age = 51.1 y; body mass index (kg/m2) = 31.3; 88% men] nonanemic participants were randomly assigned to physical activity (PA), PA + MED diet, or PA + green-MED diet. Both isocaloric MED groups consumed 28 g walnuts/d and the low-meat green-MED group further consumed green tea (800 mL/d) and Mankai (100 g green shake/d). In a complementary animal experiment, after 44 d of an iron deficiency anemia-inducing diet, 50 female rats (age = 3 wk; Sprague Dawley strain) were randomly assigned into: iron-deficient diet (vehicle), or vehicle + iso-iron: ferrous gluconate (FG) 14, Mankai 50, and Mankai 80 versions (1.7 mg · kg-1 · d-1 elemental iron), or FG9.5 and Mankai 50-C version (1.15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 elemental iron). The specific primary aim for both studies was changes in iron homeostasis parameters.
RESULTS: After 6 mo of intervention, iron status trajectory did not differ between the PA and PA + MED groups. Hemoglobin modestly increased in the PA + green-MED group (0.23 g/dL) compared with PA (-0.1 g/dL; P < 0.001) and PA + MED (-0.1 g/dL; P < 0.001). Serum iron and serum transferrin saturation increased in the PA + green-MED group compared with the PA group (8.21 μg/dL compared with -5.23 μg/dL and 2.39% compared with -1.15%, respectively; P < 0.05 for both comparisons), as did folic acid (P = 0.011). In rats, hemoglobin decreased from 15.7 to 9.4 mg/dL after 44 d of diet-induced anemia. After depletion treatment, the vehicle-treated group had a further decrease of 1.3 mg/dL, whereas hemoglobin concentrations in both FG and Mankai iso-iron treatments similarly rebounded (FG14: +10.8 mg/dL, Mankai 50: +6.4 mg/dL, Mankai 80: +7.3 mg/dL; FG9.5: +5.1 mg/dL, Mankai 50-C: +7.1 mg/dL; P < 0.05 for all vs. the vehicle group).
CONCLUSIONS: In humans, a green-MED low-meat diet does not impair iron homeostasis. In rats, iron derived from Mankai (a green-plant protein source) is bioavailable and efficient in reversal of anemia. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03020186.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2019 |
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| Erschienen: |
2019 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:149 |
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| Enthalten in: |
The Journal of nutrition - 149(2019), 6 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 1004-1011 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Yaskolka Meir, Anat [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
E1UOL152H7 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 06.04.2020 Date Revised 16.02.2023 published: Print ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03020186 Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1093/jn/nxy321 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM295377887 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Yaskolka Meir, Anat |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 2 | |a A Green-Mediterranean Diet, Supplemented with Mankai Duckweed, Preserves Iron-Homeostasis in Humans and Is Efficient in Reversal of Anemia in Rats |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2019 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 06.04.2020 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 16.02.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03020186 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Decreased dietary meat may deplete iron stores, as plant-derived iron bioavailability is typically limited | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: We explored the effect of a low-meat Mediterranean (green-MED) diet, supplemented with Wolffia globosa duckweed (Mankai: rich in protein and iron) as a food source for humans, on iron status. We further examined the iron bioavailability of Mankai in rats | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Two hundred and ninety-four abdominally obese/dyslipidemic [mean age = 51.1 y; body mass index (kg/m2) = 31.3; 88% men] nonanemic participants were randomly assigned to physical activity (PA), PA + MED diet, or PA + green-MED diet. Both isocaloric MED groups consumed 28 g walnuts/d and the low-meat green-MED group further consumed green tea (800 mL/d) and Mankai (100 g green shake/d). In a complementary animal experiment, after 44 d of an iron deficiency anemia-inducing diet, 50 female rats (age = 3 wk; Sprague Dawley strain) were randomly assigned into: iron-deficient diet (vehicle), or vehicle + iso-iron: ferrous gluconate (FG) 14, Mankai 50, and Mankai 80 versions (1.7 mg · kg-1 · d-1 elemental iron), or FG9.5 and Mankai 50-C version (1.15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 elemental iron). The specific primary aim for both studies was changes in iron homeostasis parameters | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: After 6 mo of intervention, iron status trajectory did not differ between the PA and PA + MED groups. Hemoglobin modestly increased in the PA + green-MED group (0.23 g/dL) compared with PA (-0.1 g/dL; P < 0.001) and PA + MED (-0.1 g/dL; P < 0.001). Serum iron and serum transferrin saturation increased in the PA + green-MED group compared with the PA group (8.21 μg/dL compared with -5.23 μg/dL and 2.39% compared with -1.15%, respectively; P < 0.05 for both comparisons), as did folic acid (P = 0.011). In rats, hemoglobin decreased from 15.7 to 9.4 mg/dL after 44 d of diet-induced anemia. After depletion treatment, the vehicle-treated group had a further decrease of 1.3 mg/dL, whereas hemoglobin concentrations in both FG and Mankai iso-iron treatments similarly rebounded (FG14: +10.8 mg/dL, Mankai 50: +6.4 mg/dL, Mankai 80: +7.3 mg/dL; FG9.5: +5.1 mg/dL, Mankai 50-C: +7.1 mg/dL; P < 0.05 for all vs. the vehicle group) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: In humans, a green-MED low-meat diet does not impair iron homeostasis. In rats, iron derived from Mankai (a green-plant protein source) is bioavailable and efficient in reversal of anemia. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03020186 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Randomized Controlled Trial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mediterranean diet | |
| 650 | 4 | |a iron homeostasis parameters | |
| 650 | 4 | |a plant iron sources | |
| 650 | 4 | |a vegetarian diet | |
| 650 | 4 | |a weight loss | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Iron, Dietary |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Iron |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a E1UOL152H7 |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tsaban, Gal |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zelicha, Hila |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rinott, Ehud |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kaplan, Alon |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Youngster, Ilan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rudich, Assaf |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Tirosh, Amir |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Brikner, Dov |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pupkin, Efrat |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sarusi, Benjamin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Blüher, Matthias |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stümvoll, Michael |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Thiery, Joachim |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ceglarek, Uta |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stampfer, Meir J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shai, Iris |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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