Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission
BACKGROUND: In many infectious diseases, a core group of individuals plays a disproportionate role in transmission. If these individuals were effectively prevented from transmitting infection, for example with a perfect vaccine, then the disease would disappear in the remainder of the community. No vaccine has yet proven effective against the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. However, repeated treatment with oral azithromycin may be able to prevent individuals from effectively transmitting trachoma.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we assess several methods for identifying a core group for trachoma, assuming varying degrees of knowledge about the transmission process. We determine the minimal core group from a completely specified model, fitted to results from a large Ethiopian trial. We compare this benchmark to a core group that could actually be identified from information available to trachoma programs. For example, determined from the rate of return of infection in a community after mass treatments, or from the equilibrium prevalence of infection.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Sufficient groups are relatively easy for programs to identify, but will likely be larger than the theoretical minimum.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2018 |
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| Erschienen: |
2018 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:12 |
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| Enthalten in: |
PLoS neglected tropical diseases - 12(2018), 10 vom: 08. Okt., Seite e0006478 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Lietman, Thomas M [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
83905-01-5 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 09.01.2019 Date Revised 14.03.2024 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM289315735 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Lietman, Thomas M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 14.03.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: In many infectious diseases, a core group of individuals plays a disproportionate role in transmission. If these individuals were effectively prevented from transmitting infection, for example with a perfect vaccine, then the disease would disappear in the remainder of the community. No vaccine has yet proven effective against the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. However, repeated treatment with oral azithromycin may be able to prevent individuals from effectively transmitting trachoma | ||
| 520 | |a METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we assess several methods for identifying a core group for trachoma, assuming varying degrees of knowledge about the transmission process. We determine the minimal core group from a completely specified model, fitted to results from a large Ethiopian trial. We compare this benchmark to a core group that could actually be identified from information available to trachoma programs. For example, determined from the rate of return of infection in a community after mass treatments, or from the equilibrium prevalence of infection | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Sufficient groups are relatively easy for programs to identify, but will likely be larger than the theoretical minimum | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Azithromycin |2 NLM | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Oldenburg, Catherine E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nash, Scott D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Keenan, Jeremy D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Porco, Travis C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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