Hepatitis B Virus Immunization and Neonatal Acquisition of Persistent Infection in England and Wales
Background: It is believed that between 2% and 5% of infants born to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected mothers at a high risk of perinatal transmission will become persistently infected despite immunization starting at birth. We investigated factors associated with breakthrough infections.
Methods: Sixty-nine samples from HBV-infected infants born between 2003 and 2015 were tested for HBV serological and molecular markers. Sequencing and epitope phenotyping were used to investigate alterations in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) sequence and antigenicity in infants and in mothers known to have transmitted and not to have transmitted virus to their infants.
Results: Vaccine/hepatitis B immune globulin uptake was complete in the majority of HBV-infected infants. A minority (8 [12%]) had detectable plasma antibody to HBsAg at 12 months. Twenty-five of 68 (37%) infants harbored a virus with amino acid changes in the HBsAg "a" determinant, of which 13 displayed altered HBsAg antigenicity. Viral load was 30-fold higher in maternal samples from those who transmitted.
Conclusions: Our data provide evidence to suggest that immune selection drives change at mother-infant transmission, resulting in the alteration of HBsAg antigenicity. These changes may play a role in immunization failure, but other factors including viral load may be more important. Continued monitoring of vaccine efficacy is essential.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2018 |
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| Erschienen: |
2018 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:218 |
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| Enthalten in: |
The Journal of infectious diseases - 218(2018), 5 vom: 24. Juli, Seite 726-733 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
May, Shoshanna [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Epitopes |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 10.09.2019 Date Revised 10.09.2019 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1093/infdis/jiy209 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM283362359 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Hepatitis B Virus Immunization and Neonatal Acquisition of Persistent Infection in England and Wales |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 10.09.2019 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 10.09.2019 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Background: It is believed that between 2% and 5% of infants born to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected mothers at a high risk of perinatal transmission will become persistently infected despite immunization starting at birth. We investigated factors associated with breakthrough infections | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: Sixty-nine samples from HBV-infected infants born between 2003 and 2015 were tested for HBV serological and molecular markers. Sequencing and epitope phenotyping were used to investigate alterations in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) sequence and antigenicity in infants and in mothers known to have transmitted and not to have transmitted virus to their infants | ||
| 520 | |a Results: Vaccine/hepatitis B immune globulin uptake was complete in the majority of HBV-infected infants. A minority (8 [12%]) had detectable plasma antibody to HBsAg at 12 months. Twenty-five of 68 (37%) infants harbored a virus with amino acid changes in the HBsAg "a" determinant, of which 13 displayed altered HBsAg antigenicity. Viral load was 30-fold higher in maternal samples from those who transmitted | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusions: Our data provide evidence to suggest that immune selection drives change at mother-infant transmission, resulting in the alteration of HBsAg antigenicity. These changes may play a role in immunization failure, but other factors including viral load may be more important. Continued monitoring of vaccine efficacy is essential | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Epitopes |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Hepatitis B Surface Antigens |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Hepatitis B Vaccines |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mandal, Sema |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Keel, Philip |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Haywood, Becky |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ngui, Siew Lin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ramsay, Mary |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tedder, Richard S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ijaz, Samreen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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