Assessment of poliovirus antibody seroprevalence in high risk areas for vaccine derived poliovirus transmission in Madagascar
BACKGROUND: Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) outbreaks typically occur in areas of low poliovirus immunity. Madagascar successfully eradicated wild poliovirus in 1997; however, multiple VDPV outbreaks have occurred since then, and numerous vaccination campaigns have been carried out to control the VDPV outbreaks. We conducted a survey of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies among Malagasy children to assess performance of vaccination campaigns and estimate the risk of future VDPV outbreaks.
METHODS: This was a random community survey in children aged 6-11 months, 36-59 months and 5-14 years of age in high risk areas of Madagascar (Mahajanga, Toliara, Antsalova, and Midongy-atsimo); and in a reference area (Antananarivo). After obtaining informed consent, basic demographic and vaccination history, 2 mL of peripheral blood were collected. Neutralizing antibodies against all three poliovirus serotypes were detected by using a standard microneutralization assay.
RESULTS: There were 1500 children enrolled and 1496 (>99%) provided sufficient quantity of blood for analysis. Seroprevalence for poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was >90% in all age groups and study areas. PV2 seroprevalence ranged between 75-100%; it was lowest in the youngest age group in Midongy and Toliara. PV3 seroprevalence ranged between 79-100%. Seroprevalence in the reference area was not significantly different from polio high risk sites.
DISCUSSION: Madagascar achieved high population immunity. In order to preserve these gains, routine immunization needs to be strengthened. Currently, the risk of new VDPV emergences in Madagascar appears low.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2018 |
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| Erschienen: |
2018 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:4 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Heliyon - 4(2018), 3 vom: 15. März, Seite e00563 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Razafindratsimandresy, Richter [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Immunology |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 16.03.2022 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00563 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM282161430 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Razafindratsimandresy, Richter |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Assessment of poliovirus antibody seroprevalence in high risk areas for vaccine derived poliovirus transmission in Madagascar |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2018 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 16.03.2022 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) outbreaks typically occur in areas of low poliovirus immunity. Madagascar successfully eradicated wild poliovirus in 1997; however, multiple VDPV outbreaks have occurred since then, and numerous vaccination campaigns have been carried out to control the VDPV outbreaks. We conducted a survey of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies among Malagasy children to assess performance of vaccination campaigns and estimate the risk of future VDPV outbreaks | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: This was a random community survey in children aged 6-11 months, 36-59 months and 5-14 years of age in high risk areas of Madagascar (Mahajanga, Toliara, Antsalova, and Midongy-atsimo); and in a reference area (Antananarivo). After obtaining informed consent, basic demographic and vaccination history, 2 mL of peripheral blood were collected. Neutralizing antibodies against all three poliovirus serotypes were detected by using a standard microneutralization assay | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: There were 1500 children enrolled and 1496 (>99%) provided sufficient quantity of blood for analysis. Seroprevalence for poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was >90% in all age groups and study areas. PV2 seroprevalence ranged between 75-100%; it was lowest in the youngest age group in Midongy and Toliara. PV3 seroprevalence ranged between 79-100%. Seroprevalence in the reference area was not significantly different from polio high risk sites | ||
| 520 | |a DISCUSSION: Madagascar achieved high population immunity. In order to preserve these gains, routine immunization needs to be strengthened. Currently, the risk of new VDPV emergences in Madagascar appears low | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Immunology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Infectious disease | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Public health | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaccines | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mach, Ondrej |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Heraud, Jean-Michel |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bernardson, Barivola |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Weldon, William C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Oberste, M Steven |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sutter, Roland W |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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