Glucocorticoids in the Treatment of Glomerular Diseases : Pitfalls and Pearls
Copyright © 2018 by the American Society of Nephrology..
Glucocorticoids exert anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities by genomic and nongenomic effects. The classic genomic effects are mediated by cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors that can upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins in the nucleus (transactivation) or repress the translocation of proinflammatory transcription factors from the cytosol into the nucleus (transrepression). The nongenomic effects are probably mediated by membrane glucocorticoid receptors. Glucocorticoid receptors are expressed also in podocytes and experimental data suggest that glucocorticoids may protect from podocyte injury. Glucocorticoids have a low therapeutic index and may exert a number of time-dependent and dose-dependent side effects. Measures to prevent or attenuate side effects include single-morning administration of short-acting glucocorticoids, dietetic counseling, increasing physical activity, frequent monitoring, and adapting the doses to the clinical conditions of the patient. Synthetic glucocorticoids, either given alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive drugs, are still the cornerstone therapy in multiple glomerular disorders. However, glucocorticoids are of little benefit in C3 glomerulopathy and may be potentially deleterious in patients with maladaptive focal glomerulosclerosis. Their efficacy depends not only on the type and severity of glomerular disease, but also on the timeliness of administration, the dosage, and the duration of treatment. Whereas an excessive use of glucocorticoids can be responsible for severe toxicity, too low a dosage and too short duration of glucocorticoid treatment can result in false steroid resistance.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2018 |
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| Erschienen: |
2018 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:13 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN - 13(2018), 5 vom: 07. Mai, Seite 815-822 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ponticelli, Claudio [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 13.11.2019 Date Revised 15.08.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.2215/CJN.12991117 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM281340846 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Glucocorticoids in the Treatment of Glomerular Diseases |b Pitfalls and Pearls |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 13.11.2019 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 15.08.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2018 by the American Society of Nephrology. | ||
| 520 | |a Glucocorticoids exert anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities by genomic and nongenomic effects. The classic genomic effects are mediated by cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors that can upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins in the nucleus (transactivation) or repress the translocation of proinflammatory transcription factors from the cytosol into the nucleus (transrepression). The nongenomic effects are probably mediated by membrane glucocorticoid receptors. Glucocorticoid receptors are expressed also in podocytes and experimental data suggest that glucocorticoids may protect from podocyte injury. Glucocorticoids have a low therapeutic index and may exert a number of time-dependent and dose-dependent side effects. Measures to prevent or attenuate side effects include single-morning administration of short-acting glucocorticoids, dietetic counseling, increasing physical activity, frequent monitoring, and adapting the doses to the clinical conditions of the patient. Synthetic glucocorticoids, either given alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive drugs, are still the cornerstone therapy in multiple glomerular disorders. However, glucocorticoids are of little benefit in C3 glomerulopathy and may be potentially deleterious in patients with maladaptive focal glomerulosclerosis. Their efficacy depends not only on the type and severity of glomerular disease, but also on the timeliness of administration, the dosage, and the duration of treatment. Whereas an excessive use of glucocorticoids can be responsible for severe toxicity, too low a dosage and too short duration of glucocorticoid treatment can result in false steroid resistance | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Review | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Anti-Inflammatory Agents | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Counseling | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cytosol | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dietetics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Exercise | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Genomics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Glucocorticoids | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Humans | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Immunosuppressive Agents | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Kidney Glomerulus | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Podocytes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Receptors, Glucocorticoid | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Steroids | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Therapeutic Index | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Transcriptional Activation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a cortisol | |
| 650 | 4 | |a immunosuppression | |
| 650 | 4 | |a primary glomerulonephritis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a transcription factors | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Glucocorticoids |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Receptors, Glucocorticoid |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Locatelli, Francesco |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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