Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Pregnancy : Focus on Biologics. An Updated and Comprehensive Review

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a central regulator of inflammation, and TNF-α antagonists may be effective in treating inflammatory disorders in which TNF-α plays a major pathogenic role. TNF-α has also been associated with inflammatory mechanisms related to implantation, placentation, and pregnancy outcome. TNF-α is secreted by immune cells and works by binding to TNFR1 and TNFR2 cell receptors. TNF-α is also related to JAK/STAT pathways, which opens up hypothetical new targets for modifying. The accurate balance between Th1 cytokines, mainly TNF-α, Th17, and Th2, particularly IL-10 is essential to achieve good obstetric outcomes. TNF-α targeted therapy could be rational in treating women with obstetric complication related to overproduction of TNF-α, such as recurrent pregnancy loss, early and severe pre-eclampsia, and recurrent implantation failure syndrome, all "idiopathic" or related to aPL positivity. Along the same lines, Th1 cytokines, mainly TNF- α, play a leading pathogenic role in rheumatic and systemic autoimmune diseases occurring in women and, to a lesser extent, in men of reproductive age. These disorders have to be clinically silent before pregnancy can be recommended, which is usually only possible to achieve after intensive anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatment, TNF-α blockers included. Physicians should be aware of the theoretic potential but low embryo-fetal toxicity risk of these drugs during pregnancy. From an updated review in May 2016, we can conclude that TNF-α blockers are useful in certain "refractory" cases of inflammatory disorders related to poor obstetric outcomes and infertility. Furthermore, TNF-α blockers can be safely used during the implantation period and pregnancy. Breastfeeding is also permitted with all TNF-α inhibitors. Since data on the actual mechanism of action of JAK-STAT in inflammatory obstetric disorders including embryo implantation are scarce, for the time being, therapeutic interventions in this setting should be discouraged. Finally, adverse effects on sperm quality, or causing embryo-fetal anomalies, in men treated with TNF inhibitors have not been described.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2017

Erschienen:

2017

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:53

Enthalten in:

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology - 53(2017), 1 vom: 24. Aug., Seite 40-53

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Alijotas-Reig, Jaume [VerfasserIn]
Esteve-Valverde, Enrique [VerfasserIn]
Ferrer-Oliveras, Raquel [VerfasserIn]
Llurba, Elisa [VerfasserIn]
Gris, Josep Maria [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

Antimalarials
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Biological Products
Cytokines
EC 2.7.10.2
Implantation failure
JAK-STAT
Janus Kinases
Journal Article
Pentoxifylline
Pre-eclampsia
Recurrent abortion
Review
SD6QCT3TSU
STAT Transcription Factors
TNF-α blockers
Th1-cytokines
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 29.03.2018

Date Revised 09.04.2022

published: Print

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1007/s12016-016-8596-x

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM267697155