The role of exposure on differences in driver death rates by gender and age : Results of a quasi-induced method on crash data in Spain
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved..
AIM: Part of the differences by age and gender in driver death rates from traffic injuries depends on the amount of exposure (km/year travelled). Unfortunately, direct indicators of exposure are not available in many countries. Our aim was to compare the age and gender differences in death rates with and without adjustment by exposure using a quasi-induced exposure approach in Spain, during 2004-2012.
METHODS: Crude and adjusted death rate ratios (CDRR and ADRR, respectively) were calculated for each age and gender group. To obtain the latter estimates, in accordance with quasi-exposure reasoning, the number of registered drivers was replaced by the number of non-infractor drivers, passively involved in collisions with another vehicle whose driver committed an infraction. 18-29 years and female drivers were chosen as the reference categories for age and gender.
RESULTS: Striking differences were found between CDRR and ADRR estimates. When CDRR were estimated, we found the highest traffic mortality among the youngest drivers, except for females in non-urban roads. ADRR however showed the highest mortality among the oldest groups, especially in females, peaking among drivers >74 years in all types of roads. Regarding differences by gender, both estimates revealed higher traffic mortality in males, although the differences were much smaller when using ADRR. CDRR and ADRR for males tended to converge as age increased.
CONCLUSIONS: Death risk from traffic injuries among drivers is clearly influenced by the amount of exposure. These findings further emphasize the need to obtain direct traffic exposure estimates by subgroups of drivers.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2016 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2016 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:94 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Accident; analysis and prevention - 94(2016) vom: 05. Sept., Seite 162-7 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Pulido, José [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| Links: |
|---|
| Themen: |
Age factors |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 28.12.2016 Date Revised 02.12.2018 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1016/j.aap.2016.05.020 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM26142176X |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000naa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | NLM26142176X | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20231224195522.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 231224s2016 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1016/j.aap.2016.05.020 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a pubmed24n0871.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)NLM26142176X | ||
| 035 | |a (NLM)27305640 | ||
| 035 | |a (PII)S0001-4575(16)30174-9 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Pulido, José |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The role of exposure on differences in driver death rates by gender and age |b Results of a quasi-induced method on crash data in Spain |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2016 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ƒaComputermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a ƒa Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 28.12.2016 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 02.12.2018 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a AIM: Part of the differences by age and gender in driver death rates from traffic injuries depends on the amount of exposure (km/year travelled). Unfortunately, direct indicators of exposure are not available in many countries. Our aim was to compare the age and gender differences in death rates with and without adjustment by exposure using a quasi-induced exposure approach in Spain, during 2004-2012 | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Crude and adjusted death rate ratios (CDRR and ADRR, respectively) were calculated for each age and gender group. To obtain the latter estimates, in accordance with quasi-exposure reasoning, the number of registered drivers was replaced by the number of non-infractor drivers, passively involved in collisions with another vehicle whose driver committed an infraction. 18-29 years and female drivers were chosen as the reference categories for age and gender | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Striking differences were found between CDRR and ADRR estimates. When CDRR were estimated, we found the highest traffic mortality among the youngest drivers, except for females in non-urban roads. ADRR however showed the highest mortality among the oldest groups, especially in females, peaking among drivers >74 years in all types of roads. Regarding differences by gender, both estimates revealed higher traffic mortality in males, although the differences were much smaller when using ADRR. CDRR and ADRR for males tended to converge as age increased | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Death risk from traffic injuries among drivers is clearly influenced by the amount of exposure. These findings further emphasize the need to obtain direct traffic exposure estimates by subgroups of drivers | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Comparative Study | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Age factors | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mortality | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Quasi-induced exposure | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sex factors | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spain | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Traffic accidents | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Barrio, Gregorio |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hoyos, Juan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jiménez-Mejías, Eladio |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Martín-Rodríguez, María Del Mar |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Houwing, Sjoerd |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lardelli-Claret, Pablo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Accident; analysis and prevention |d 1976 |g 94(2016) vom: 05. Sept., Seite 162-7 |w (DE-627)NLM01234592X |x 1879-2057 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:94 |g year:2016 |g day:05 |g month:09 |g pages:162-7 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.05.020 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_NLM | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 94 |j 2016 |b 05 |c 09 |h 162-7 | ||