Aeroelastic flutter produces hummingbird feather songs
During courtship flights, males of some hummingbird species produce diverse sounds with tail feathers of varying shapes. We show that these sounds are produced by air flowing past a feather, causing it to aeroelastically flutter and generate flutter-induced sound. Scanning laser doppler vibrometery and high-speed video of individual feathers of different sizes and shapes in a wind tunnel revealed multiple vibratory modes that produce a range of acoustic frequencies and harmonic structures. Neighboring feathers can be aerodynamically coupled and flutter either at the same frequency, resulting in sympathetic vibrations that increase loudness, or at different frequencies, resulting in audible interaction frequencies. Aeroelastic flutter is intrinsic to stiff airfoils such as feathers and thus explains tonal sounds that are common in bird flight.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2011 |
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| Erschienen: |
2011 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:333 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Science (New York, N.Y.) - 333(2011), 6048 vom: 09. Sept., Seite 1430-3 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Clark, Christopher J [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 23.09.2011 Date Revised 09.09.2011 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1126/science.1205222 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM211338656 |
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| 520 | |a During courtship flights, males of some hummingbird species produce diverse sounds with tail feathers of varying shapes. We show that these sounds are produced by air flowing past a feather, causing it to aeroelastically flutter and generate flutter-induced sound. Scanning laser doppler vibrometery and high-speed video of individual feathers of different sizes and shapes in a wind tunnel revealed multiple vibratory modes that produce a range of acoustic frequencies and harmonic structures. Neighboring feathers can be aerodynamically coupled and flutter either at the same frequency, resulting in sympathetic vibrations that increase loudness, or at different frequencies, resulting in audible interaction frequencies. Aeroelastic flutter is intrinsic to stiff airfoils such as feathers and thus explains tonal sounds that are common in bird flight | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Prum, Richard O |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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