Permeability of the blood-brain barrier to HIV-1 Tat
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is associated with dysfunctions of the central nervous system (CNS). HIV-1 induces its effects on the CNS by a variety of mechanisms, including by shedding the neurotoxic viral proteins such as gp120 and Tat. Both HIV-1 and gp120 have been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It is has not been determined, however, whether blood-borne Tat can cross the BBB. Here, we found that Tat crosses the BBB by a nonsaturable mechanism with a unidirectional influx rate of about 0.490 microl/g/min. About 0.126% of an intravenous dose of Tat enters each g of brain. Radioactively labeled albumin injected simultaneously did not cross the BBB. The hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and hippocampus were the regions of the brain most permeable to Tat. Nonsaturable brain-to-blood efflux also occurred, most likely with reabsorption into the blood of the cerebrospinal fluid. In conclusion, we found that Tat crossed the BBB bidirectionally. Such permeability could provide a mechanism by which Tat produced on one side of the BBB could affect neural or immune function on the other side.
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2005 |
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| Erschienen: |
2005 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:193 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Experimental neurology - 193(2005), 1 vom: 20. Mai, Seite 218-27 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Banks, William A [VerfasserIn] |
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| Themen: |
Comparative Study |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 24.05.2005 Date Revised 15.11.2007 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM154678155 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Banks, William A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Permeability of the blood-brain barrier to HIV-1 Tat |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2005 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 24.05.2005 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 15.11.2007 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is associated with dysfunctions of the central nervous system (CNS). HIV-1 induces its effects on the CNS by a variety of mechanisms, including by shedding the neurotoxic viral proteins such as gp120 and Tat. Both HIV-1 and gp120 have been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It is has not been determined, however, whether blood-borne Tat can cross the BBB. Here, we found that Tat crosses the BBB by a nonsaturable mechanism with a unidirectional influx rate of about 0.490 microl/g/min. About 0.126% of an intravenous dose of Tat enters each g of brain. Radioactively labeled albumin injected simultaneously did not cross the BBB. The hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and hippocampus were the regions of the brain most permeable to Tat. Nonsaturable brain-to-blood efflux also occurred, most likely with reabsorption into the blood of the cerebrospinal fluid. In conclusion, we found that Tat crossed the BBB bidirectionally. Such permeability could provide a mechanism by which Tat produced on one side of the BBB could affect neural or immune function on the other side | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Comparative Study | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Gene Products, tat |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Robinson, Sandra M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nath, Avindra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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