Evidence for the delayed effect in human ischemic preconditioning : prospective multicenter study for preconditioning in acute myocardial infarction
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate prospectively the protective effect of a first preinfarction angina attack against acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in human hearts without significant collaterals.
BACKGROUND: Several retrospective studies and the prospective studies have demonstrated the existence of the preconditioning (PC) effect in humans. However, collaterals were not examined in the prospective studies. In animal models, the PC effect on myocardial infarct size appears soon after PC reperfusion (classic) but disappears within 1 to 2 h. It then reappears 24 to 48 h after reperfusion (the delayed PC effect). Meanwhile, the PC effect on stunning appears 12 h after PC reperfusion (the delayed PC effect). The concept of the classic and delayed PC effects has not been investigated in human AMI studies. If the above concept is also correct in humans, the infarct size and/or impairment of the left ventricular function should be inversely correlated with the time interval between the first preinfarction angina attack and the onset of AMI when that time interval is limited to between 2 and 48 h.
METHODS: The subjects were 25 patients with first AMI of the proximal left anterior descending artery who underwent successful direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) 2 to 6 h after the onset and with no (or poor) collateral circulation (grade 0 or 1). They were divided into two groups: preinfarction angina (PA)(+) group: 11 patients with new onset preinfarction angina from 2 to 48 h before the onset, PA(-) group: 14 patients without angina before infarction. Peak creatine kinase (CK) and cumulative CK were examined, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the regional wall motion (RWM) were determined from the left ventriculograms during the acute (immediately after the coronary reperfusion) and chronic (four weeks after the onset of AMI) phases. The RWM index (RWMI) was then calculated as the mean motion of chords (standard deviation [SD]/chord) lying in the area of chords of RWM < or = -2 SD in the acute phase (ischemic risk area). RESULTS The increase in the RWMI between the acute and chronic phases was significantly larger in the PA(+) group than in the PA(-) group (1.55 +/- 1.32 and 0.69 +/- 0.75, p < 0.05, respectively) although no significant difference in the enzymatic infarct size was seen between the two groups. The increases in the LVEF and the RWMI were significantly correlated with the time interval from the first preinfarction angina attack to the onset of AMI (r = 0.622, p < 0.05 and r = 0.646, p < 0.05, respectively), but the enzymatic infarct size was not.
CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effect of preinfarction angina on left ventricular wall motion, independently of collateral flows, indicates the existence of the PC effect in humans. The greater protective effect of a longer time interval between angina pectoris and AMI suggests that the protection is due to a delayed PC effect.
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
1999 |
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| Erschienen: |
1999 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:34 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Journal of the American College of Cardiology - 34(1999), 7 vom: 08. Dez., Seite 1966-74 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Noda, T [VerfasserIn] |
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| Themen: |
Clinical Trial |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 17.12.1999 Date Revised 08.07.2019 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM105180904 |
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| 008 | 231222s1999 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c | ||
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| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Noda, T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Evidence for the delayed effect in human ischemic preconditioning |b prospective multicenter study for preconditioning in acute myocardial infarction |
| 264 | 1 | |c 1999 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Band |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 17.12.1999 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 08.07.2019 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate prospectively the protective effect of a first preinfarction angina attack against acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in human hearts without significant collaterals | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Several retrospective studies and the prospective studies have demonstrated the existence of the preconditioning (PC) effect in humans. However, collaterals were not examined in the prospective studies. In animal models, the PC effect on myocardial infarct size appears soon after PC reperfusion (classic) but disappears within 1 to 2 h. It then reappears 24 to 48 h after reperfusion (the delayed PC effect). Meanwhile, the PC effect on stunning appears 12 h after PC reperfusion (the delayed PC effect). The concept of the classic and delayed PC effects has not been investigated in human AMI studies. If the above concept is also correct in humans, the infarct size and/or impairment of the left ventricular function should be inversely correlated with the time interval between the first preinfarction angina attack and the onset of AMI when that time interval is limited to between 2 and 48 h | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: The subjects were 25 patients with first AMI of the proximal left anterior descending artery who underwent successful direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) 2 to 6 h after the onset and with no (or poor) collateral circulation (grade 0 or 1). They were divided into two groups: preinfarction angina (PA)(+) group: 11 patients with new onset preinfarction angina from 2 to 48 h before the onset, PA(-) group: 14 patients without angina before infarction. Peak creatine kinase (CK) and cumulative CK were examined, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the regional wall motion (RWM) were determined from the left ventriculograms during the acute (immediately after the coronary reperfusion) and chronic (four weeks after the onset of AMI) phases. The RWM index (RWMI) was then calculated as the mean motion of chords (standard deviation [SD]/chord) lying in the area of chords of RWM < or = -2 SD in the acute phase (ischemic risk area). RESULTS The increase in the RWMI between the acute and chronic phases was significantly larger in the PA(+) group than in the PA(-) group (1.55 +/- 1.32 and 0.69 +/- 0.75, p < 0.05, respectively) although no significant difference in the enzymatic infarct size was seen between the two groups. The increases in the LVEF and the RWMI were significantly correlated with the time interval from the first preinfarction angina attack to the onset of AMI (r = 0.622, p < 0.05 and r = 0.646, p < 0.05, respectively), but the enzymatic infarct size was not | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effect of preinfarction angina on left ventricular wall motion, independently of collateral flows, indicates the existence of the PC effect in humans. The greater protective effect of a longer time interval between angina pectoris and AMI suggests that the protection is due to a delayed PC effect | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Clinical Trial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Comparative Study | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Multicenter Study | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Creatine Kinase |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a EC 2.7.3.2 |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Minatoguchi, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fujii, K |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hori, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ito, T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kanmatsuse, K |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Matsuzaki, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miura, T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nonogi, H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tada, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tanaka, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fujiwara, H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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