Stroke in users of low-dose oral contraceptives
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have linked the use of oral contraceptive agents to an increased risk of stroke, but those studies have been limited to oral contraceptives containing more estrogen than is now generally used.
METHODS: In a population-based, case-control study, we identified fatal and nonfatal strokes in female members of the California Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program and who were 15 through 44 years of age. Matched controls were randomly selected from female members who had not had strokes. Information about the use of oral contraceptives (essentially limited to low-estrogen preparations) was obtained in interviews.
RESULTS: A total of 408 confirmed strokes occurred in a total of 1.1 million women during 3.6 million woman-years of observation. The incidence of stroke was thus 11.3 per 100,000 woman-years. On the basis of data from 295 women with stroke who were interviewed and their controls, the odds ratio for ischemic stroke among current users of oral contraceptives, as compared with former users and women who had never used such drugs, was 1.18 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 2.59) after adjustment for other risk factors for stroke. The adjusted odds ratio for hemorrhagic stroke was 1.14 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.60 to 2.16). With respect to the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, there was a positive interaction between the current use of oral contraceptives and smoking (odds ratio for women with both these factors, 3.64; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.95 to 13.87).
CONCLUSIONS: Stroke is rare among women of childbearing age. Low-estrogen oral-contraceptive preparations do not appear to increase the risk of stroke.
| Errataetall: |
CommentIn: N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 4;335(1):53-4. - PMID 8637544 |
|---|---|
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
1996 |
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| Erschienen: |
1996 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:335 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
The New England journal of medicine - 335(1996), 1 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 8-15 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Petitti, D B [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 11.07.1996 Date Revised 14.11.2007 published: Print CommentIn: N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 4;335(1):53-4. - PMID 8637544 Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM08611624X |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Petitti, D B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Stroke in users of low-dose oral contraceptives |
| 264 | 1 | |c 1996 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 11.07.1996 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 14.11.2007 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a CommentIn: N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 4;335(1):53-4. - PMID 8637544 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Previous studies have linked the use of oral contraceptive agents to an increased risk of stroke, but those studies have been limited to oral contraceptives containing more estrogen than is now generally used | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: In a population-based, case-control study, we identified fatal and nonfatal strokes in female members of the California Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program and who were 15 through 44 years of age. Matched controls were randomly selected from female members who had not had strokes. Information about the use of oral contraceptives (essentially limited to low-estrogen preparations) was obtained in interviews | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: A total of 408 confirmed strokes occurred in a total of 1.1 million women during 3.6 million woman-years of observation. The incidence of stroke was thus 11.3 per 100,000 woman-years. On the basis of data from 295 women with stroke who were interviewed and their controls, the odds ratio for ischemic stroke among current users of oral contraceptives, as compared with former users and women who had never used such drugs, was 1.18 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 2.59) after adjustment for other risk factors for stroke. The adjusted odds ratio for hemorrhagic stroke was 1.14 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.60 to 2.16). With respect to the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, there was a positive interaction between the current use of oral contraceptives and smoking (odds ratio for women with both these factors, 3.64; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.95 to 13.87) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Stroke is rare among women of childbearing age. Low-estrogen oral-contraceptive preparations do not appear to increase the risk of stroke | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Americas | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Behavior | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Case Control Studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cerebrovascular Effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contraception | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contraception Termination | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contraceptive Methods | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contraceptive Usage | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Developed Countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Family Planning | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ischemia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a North America | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Northern America | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Oral Contraceptives | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Oral Contraceptives, Low-dose | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Physiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Reproduction | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Reproductive Period | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Methodology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Report | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Risk Factors | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Smoking | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a United States | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vascular Diseases | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Contraceptives, Oral |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Estrogens |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sidney, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bernstein, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wolf, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Quesenberry, C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ziel, H K |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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