Studies on vaginal malodor. I. Study in humans
Forty-two percent of collagen sponges tested as an intravaginal barrier contraceptive method developed malodor when retained for 5 days. Only 4% developed odor when the sponge was removed within 24 hours after intercourse, rinsed, and reinserted. While sexually active volunteers found odor in 37% of the sponges, odor formed only in 4% of the sponges worn by sexually inactive users. No difference in the rate of odor formation was found when neutral pH (7.0) and acid pH (3.4) collagen sponges were tested, although we believe that a pH 3.4 is too acid and promotes odor formation. The optimal pH of the sponge should be 4.5 to 5.5. Malodor was efficiently extracted from sponges by washing in acid milieu of tap water and vinegar or 0.1 M acetate buffer, pH 4.0. Alkali extraction procedures were ineffective, and lukewarm water was slightly less effective than acid extraction of odor. At the time of malodor development, the high content of polyamines (putrescine, spermine, spermidine) in the ejaculate decreased to undetectable values. We conclude that the ejaculate is the major source of malodor formation in intravaginally worn collagen sponges. Removal, rinsing optimally in vinegar solution, and reinsertion within 24 hours after intercourse reduces the chance of malodor formation.
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
1978 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
1978 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:52 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Obstetrics and gynecology - 52(1978), 1 vom: 24. Juli, Seite 88-93 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Chvapil, M [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 18.10.1978 Date Revised 23.11.2016 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM000295051 |
|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
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| 008 | 231221s1978 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c | ||
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| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Chvapil, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Studies on vaginal malodor. I. Study in humans |
| 264 | 1 | |c 1978 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Band |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 18.10.1978 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 23.11.2016 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Forty-two percent of collagen sponges tested as an intravaginal barrier contraceptive method developed malodor when retained for 5 days. Only 4% developed odor when the sponge was removed within 24 hours after intercourse, rinsed, and reinserted. While sexually active volunteers found odor in 37% of the sponges, odor formed only in 4% of the sponges worn by sexually inactive users. No difference in the rate of odor formation was found when neutral pH (7.0) and acid pH (3.4) collagen sponges were tested, although we believe that a pH 3.4 is too acid and promotes odor formation. The optimal pH of the sponge should be 4.5 to 5.5. Malodor was efficiently extracted from sponges by washing in acid milieu of tap water and vinegar or 0.1 M acetate buffer, pH 4.0. Alkali extraction procedures were ineffective, and lukewarm water was slightly less effective than acid extraction of odor. At the time of malodor development, the high content of polyamines (putrescine, spermine, spermidine) in the ejaculate decreased to undetectable values. We conclude that the ejaculate is the major source of malodor formation in intravaginally worn collagen sponges. Removal, rinsing optimally in vinegar solution, and reinsertion within 24 hours after intercourse reduces the chance of malodor formation | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Barrier Methods--side effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Clinical Research | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contraception | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contraceptive Methods--side effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Family Planning | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Genitalia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Genitalia, Male | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human Volunteers | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Physiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Methodology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Semen | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Seminal Vesicles | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Urogenital System | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaginal Barrier Methods--side effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaginal Sponge--side effects | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Polyamines |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Collagen |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a 9007-34-5 |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Eskelson, C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jacobs, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chvapil, T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Russell, D H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Obstetrics and gynecology |d 1953 |g 52(1978), 1 vom: 24. Juli, Seite 88-93 |w (DE-627)NLM000021555 |x 1873-233X |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:52 |g year:1978 |g number:1 |g day:24 |g month:07 |g pages:88-93 |
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| 952 | |d 52 |j 1978 |e 1 |b 24 |c 07 |h 88-93 | ||