Screening for elevated blood lead levels in pregnant women : a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force / prepared for, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ; prepared by Pacific Northwest Evidence-based Practice Center, Oregon Health & Science University ; investigators, Amy G. Cantor, Marian S. McDonagh, Ian Blazina, Jessica Griffin, Sara Grusing, Rob Hendrickson

BACKGROUND: In 2006, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended against routine screening for elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in asymptomatic pregnant women (D recommendation). PURPOSE: To synthesize evidence on the effects of screening, testing, and treatment for elevated BLLs in pregnant women, to update a 2006 USPSTF systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane CENTRAL and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (through June 2018) and Ovid MEDLINE (1946 to June 2018), reference lists, and surveillance through December 5, 2018. STUDY SELECTION: English-language trials and observational studies of screening effectiveness, test accuracy, and benefits and harms of screening and interventions in asymptomatic pregnant women. DATA EXTRACTION: One investigator abstracted details about study design, patient population, setting, screening method, followup, and results. Two investigators independently applied prespecified criteria to rate study quality using methods developed by the USPSTF. Discrepancies were resolved through consensus. DATA SYNTHESIS: No studies directly evaluated clinical benefits and harms of screening pregnant women for elevated BLLs versus no screening, or how effectiveness of screening varies according to the gestational age at which screening is performed. One fair-quality study (N=314) evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of using a version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention screening questionnaire for lead exposure in children, modified for identifying pregnant women with elevated BLLs. The study used four out of five questions from the questionnaire and found a sensitivity of 75.7 percent and specificity of 46.2 percent. The most predictive single item was living in a home built before 1960. One fair-quality randomized, controlled trial from Mexico found that calcium supplementation in healthy pregnant women (N=670; mean baseline BLL, 4 µg/dL) was associated with a reduction in serum lead levels compared with placebo (difference, 11%; p=0.004). No studies reported health outcomes or harms associated with interventions to reduce BLLs in asymptomatic pregnant women. LIMITATIONS: Limited to English-language articles; quality and applicability of studies were limited due to flawed study design, poor reporting of statistical outcomes, and loss to followup. Two studies addressed the Key Questions, with no evidence on effects of screening or interventions for elevated BLLs in pregnant women on health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence on the benefits and harms of screening pregnant women for elevated BLLs is extremely limited, with no evidence on effects of screening or interventions for elevated BLLs in pregnant women on health outcomes..

Medienart:	E-Book

Erscheinungsjahr:	April 2019
Erschienen:	Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality ; April 2019

Reihe:	Evidence synthesis - number 175 AHRQ publication - no. 18-05245-EF-2

Sprache:	Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:	Cantor, Amy [VerfasserIn]

Links:	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [teilw. kostenfrei]

Themen:	Diagnostic Tests, Routine Lead Lead Poisoning Maternal Exposure Pregnancy Complications Systematic Review United States

Anmerkungen:	Includes bibliographical references. - Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (viewed August 16, 2019)

Umfang:	1 online resource (1 PDF file (v, 56 pages)) ; illustrations.

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):	1773191306