Travel vaccines throughout history

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved..

Vaccinations are an important component of travel medicine. Beyond protection of travelers, vaccines are administered to prevent the importation of vaccine-preventable diseases at home and at destination. Proof of immunization to travel dates back to the first smallpox vaccine, developed by Edward Jenner in 1796. However, it took one century to generate the next vaccines against cholera, rabies, and typhoid fever. During the 20th century the armamentarium of vaccines used in travelers largely expanded with yellow fever, poliomyelitis, tetravalent meningococcal, and hepatitis A vaccines. The International Certificate of Inoculation and Vaccination was implemented in 1933. Currently there are vaccines administered to travelers following risk assessment, but also vaccines required according to the 2005 International Health Regulations and vaccines required at certain countries. Finally, within less than one year after the declaration of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the first COVID-19 vaccines were launched and approved for emergency use to control the pandemic. Despite practical and ethical challenges, COVID-19 vaccine verifications have been widely used since spring 2021 in many activities, including international travel. In this article, we review the course of development of travel vaccines focusing on those for which a proof of vaccination has been or is required.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2022

Erschienen:

2022

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:46

Enthalten in:

Travel medicine and infectious disease - 46(2022) vom: 15. März, Seite 102278

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Pavli, Androula [VerfasserIn]
Maltezou, Helena C [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

COVID-19 Vaccines
Imported disease
Journal Article
Meningococcal Vaccines
Pre-travel vaccination
Review
Travelers
Typhoid fever
Vaccines
Yellow fever

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 14.03.2022

Date Revised 10.02.2023

published: Print-Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102278

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM336999623