Cleavage of viral DNA by restriction endonucleases stimulates the type II CRISPR-Cas immune response
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..
Prokaryotic organisms have developed multiple defense systems against phages; however, little is known about whether and how these interact with each other. Here, we studied the connection between two of the most prominent prokaryotic immune systems: restriction-modification and CRISPR. While both systems employ enzymes that cleave a specific DNA sequence of the invader, CRISPR nucleases are programmed with phage-derived spacer sequences, which are integrated into the CRISPR locus upon infection. We found that restriction endonucleases provide a short-term defense, which is rapidly overcome through methylation of the phage genome. In a small fraction of the cells, however, restriction results in the acquisition of spacer sequences from the cleavage site, which mediates a robust type II-A CRISPR-Cas immune response against the methylated phage. This mechanism is reminiscent of eukaryotic immunity in which the innate response offers a first temporary line of defense and also activates a second and more robust adaptive response.
| Errataetall: |
CommentIn: Trends Microbiol. 2022 Jun;30(6):513-514. - PMID 35469710 |
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| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:82 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Molecular cell - 82(2022), 5 vom: 03. März, Seite 907-919.e7 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Maguin, Pascal [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 02.05.2022 Date Revised 04.03.2023 published: Print-Electronic CommentIn: Trends Microbiol. 2022 Jun;30(6):513-514. - PMID 35469710 Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.molcel.2022.01.012 |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a Prokaryotic organisms have developed multiple defense systems against phages; however, little is known about whether and how these interact with each other. Here, we studied the connection between two of the most prominent prokaryotic immune systems: restriction-modification and CRISPR. While both systems employ enzymes that cleave a specific DNA sequence of the invader, CRISPR nucleases are programmed with phage-derived spacer sequences, which are integrated into the CRISPR locus upon infection. We found that restriction endonucleases provide a short-term defense, which is rapidly overcome through methylation of the phage genome. In a small fraction of the cells, however, restriction results in the acquisition of spacer sequences from the cleavage site, which mediates a robust type II-A CRISPR-Cas immune response against the methylated phage. This mechanism is reminiscent of eukaryotic immunity in which the innate response offers a first temporary line of defense and also activates a second and more robust adaptive response | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Cas9 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a bacteriophage | |
| 650 | 4 | |a restriction-modification | |
| 650 | 4 | |a spacer acquisition | |
| 650 | 4 | |a staphylococcus | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Endonucleases |2 NLM | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Varble, Andrew |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Modell, Joshua W |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Marraffini, Luciano A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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