Potential Role of Pleural Fluid Cytokine Profile in Myelomatous Pleural Effusions

© 2021 Xu et al..

BACKGROUND: Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE), as a presentation of extramedullary infiltration of multiple myeloma (MM), is rare and currently associated with poor outcomes without effective therapy. The potential value of cytokine detection in pleural effusion to MPE has not been reported to date.

CASE PRESENTATION: We herein report a case of refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma that developed bilateral MPE due to disease progression caused by intolerance to various chemotherapy regimens. Cytomorphology and flow cytometry were adopted for diagnosis confirmation. Chemotherapy containing immunomodulators combined with thoracic catheterization drainage was applied to the patient, showing a certain therapeutic effect. During the course of disease, the change of cytokine profile in pleural effusion was monitored by cytometric bead array (CBA) technology, revealing that cytokines related to tumor load such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in pleural effusion decreased with the improvement of disease, while other cytokines such as interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 17A (IL-17A), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon γ (IFN-γ), granzyme A, granzyme B, perforin and granulysin increased with the improvement of disease.

CONCLUSION: There is a prospect that cytokine level in pleural effusion may indicate treatment response of MPE, and in light of this case, immunomodulators may be utilized in treating patients suffering MPE. Due to limitations of our single case, we urge more groups to evaluate the potential role of cytokine profile in MPE.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2021

Erschienen:

2021

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:14

Enthalten in:

OncoTargets and therapy - 14(2021) vom: 01., Seite 4545-4550

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Xu, Junhui [VerfasserIn]
Gao, Liang [VerfasserIn]
Yan, Miao [VerfasserIn]
Wang, Bingjie [VerfasserIn]
Song, Zhengyang [VerfasserIn]
Liu, Huihui [VerfasserIn]
Sun, Kunyan [VerfasserIn]
Nong, Lin [VerfasserIn]
Wang, Mangju [VerfasserIn]
Cen, Xinan [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

Case Reports
Cytokine
IFN-γ
IL-2
Immunomodulator
Myelomatous pleural effusions

Anmerkungen:

Date Revised 26.04.2022

published: Electronic-eCollection

Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE

doi:

10.2147/OTT.S324810

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM330086545