Executive Functions and Attention in Patients With Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures Compared With Healthy Controls : A Cross-Sectional Study
Copyright © 2021 by the American Psychosomatic Society..
OBJECTIVE: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) are considered functional neurological symptoms and are highly prevalent in specialized epilepsy clinics. The underlying mechanisms of PNES are not fully understood. Recent findings point toward possible alterations in attention and executive functions. This study aimed to extend the current knowledge of attention and executive function in patients with PNES and to assess possible relationships between seizures and dissociation, childhood trauma, and cognitive function.
METHODS: We recruited 40 patients with PNES and 40 sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) in this study. Participants completed self-report questionnaires to assess early life stress (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ]), dissociation (the German version of the Dissociative Experience Scale, or Fragebogen zu dissoziativen Symptomen), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Executive functions and attention were assessed with the Trail Making Test (TMT), Digit Span, and Attention Network Task.
RESULTS: Compared with HCs, patients with PNES reported significantly higher levels of childhood trauma, depression, and dissociation. Patients with PNES also had reduced performance indices for Digit Span Forward (d = 0.62), Digit Span Backward (d = 0.62), and TMT (d = 0.67) but not Attention Network Task. CTQ scores positively correlated with TMT and Digit Span Backward performance in patients with PNES. Adjusting for CTQ scores attenuated the observed group difference in TMT performance. Depression and dissociation did not explain the observed findings.
CONCLUSIONS: These results contribute to the evidence of impaired executive functions in patients with PNES. Furthermore, childhood trauma scores, but not (trait) dissociation or depression scores, seem to drive group differences (HC versus patients with PNES).
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:83 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Psychosomatic medicine - 83(2021), 8 vom: 01. Okt., Seite 880-886 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Hamouda, Karim [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 25.10.2021 Date Revised 24.08.2023 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1097/PSY.0000000000000981 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM328371556 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hamouda, Karim |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Executive Functions and Attention in Patients With Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures Compared With Healthy Controls |b A Cross-Sectional Study |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2021 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 25.10.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 24.08.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021 by the American Psychosomatic Society. | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) are considered functional neurological symptoms and are highly prevalent in specialized epilepsy clinics. The underlying mechanisms of PNES are not fully understood. Recent findings point toward possible alterations in attention and executive functions. This study aimed to extend the current knowledge of attention and executive function in patients with PNES and to assess possible relationships between seizures and dissociation, childhood trauma, and cognitive function | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We recruited 40 patients with PNES and 40 sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) in this study. Participants completed self-report questionnaires to assess early life stress (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ]), dissociation (the German version of the Dissociative Experience Scale, or Fragebogen zu dissoziativen Symptomen), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Executive functions and attention were assessed with the Trail Making Test (TMT), Digit Span, and Attention Network Task | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Compared with HCs, patients with PNES reported significantly higher levels of childhood trauma, depression, and dissociation. Patients with PNES also had reduced performance indices for Digit Span Forward (d = 0.62), Digit Span Backward (d = 0.62), and TMT (d = 0.67) but not Attention Network Task. CTQ scores positively correlated with TMT and Digit Span Backward performance in patients with PNES. Adjusting for CTQ scores attenuated the observed group difference in TMT performance. Depression and dissociation did not explain the observed findings | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: These results contribute to the evidence of impaired executive functions in patients with PNES. Furthermore, childhood trauma scores, but not (trait) dissociation or depression scores, seem to drive group differences (HC versus patients with PNES) | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Senf-Beckenbach, Philine Anna |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gerhardt, Carola |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Irorutola, Freddy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rose, Matthias |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hinkelmann, Kim |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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