A diverse member of the fungal Avr4 effector family interacts with de-esterified pectin in plant cell walls to disrupt their integrity
Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC)..
Effectors are small, secreted proteins that promote pathogen virulence. Although key to microbial infections, unlocking the intrinsic function of effectors remains a challenge. We have previously shown that members of the fungal Avr4 effector family use a carbohydrate-binding module of family 14 (CBM14) to bind chitin in fungal cell walls and protect them from host chitinases during infection. Here, we show that gene duplication in the Avr4 family produced an Avr4-2 paralog with a previously unknown effector function. Specifically, we functionally characterize PfAvr4-2, a paralog of PfAvr4 in the tomato pathogen Pseudocercospora fuligena, and show that although it contains a CBM14 domain, it does not bind chitin or protect fungi against chitinases. Instead, PfAvr4-2 interacts with highly de-esterified pectin in the plant's middle lamellae or primary cell walls and interferes with Ca2+-mediated cross-linking at cell-cell junction zones, thus loosening the plant cell wall structure and synergizing the activity of pathogen secreted endo-polygalacturonases.
Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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Erschienen: |
2021 |
Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:7 |
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Enthalten in: |
Science advances - 7(2021), 19 vom: 07. Mai |
Sprache: |
Englisch |
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Beteiligte Personen: |
Chen, Li-Hung [VerfasserIn] |
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Links: |
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Themen: |
1398-61-4 |
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Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 15.04.2022 Date Revised 15.04.2022 published: Electronic-Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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doi: |
10.1126/sciadv.abe0809 |
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funding: |
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Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM325147191 |
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520 | |a Effectors are small, secreted proteins that promote pathogen virulence. Although key to microbial infections, unlocking the intrinsic function of effectors remains a challenge. We have previously shown that members of the fungal Avr4 effector family use a carbohydrate-binding module of family 14 (CBM14) to bind chitin in fungal cell walls and protect them from host chitinases during infection. Here, we show that gene duplication in the Avr4 family produced an Avr4-2 paralog with a previously unknown effector function. Specifically, we functionally characterize PfAvr4-2, a paralog of PfAvr4 in the tomato pathogen Pseudocercospora fuligena, and show that although it contains a CBM14 domain, it does not bind chitin or protect fungi against chitinases. Instead, PfAvr4-2 interacts with highly de-esterified pectin in the plant's middle lamellae or primary cell walls and interferes with Ca2+-mediated cross-linking at cell-cell junction zones, thus loosening the plant cell wall structure and synergizing the activity of pathogen secreted endo-polygalacturonases | ||
650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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700 | 1 | |a Nissen, Karen S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Jørgensen, Bodil |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Labavitch, John |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Stergiopoulos, Ioannis |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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