Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination along roads based on levels on vehicle window films

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Vehicular emissions are known to be major contributors of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cities. In order to assess the long-term contamination of PAHs along roads, we collected organic films from vehicle windows (26 private cars and 4 buses, in Shanghai, China) and used mathematical models to convert the film-bound PAH concentrations to the airborne PAH concentrations. The field measurements of airborne PAHs revealed that the partitioning and Level III fugacity model was suitable to estimate the airborne concentrations of high and low volatile PAHs (expect for naphthalene), respectively. The total airborne PAH concentrations along roads in Shanghai ranged from 0.83 to 3.37 μg m-3 and the incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRtotal) by exposure to PAHs along roads were greater than the USEPA lower guideline of 10-6, indicating non-negligible carcinogenic risks to drivers and passengers, especially via ingestion processes. This study provided a practicable method to investigate long-term air contamination of PAHs in vehicles and along roads based on film-bound PAH on vehicle windows. In addition, it was also possible to investigate the health risk in vehicles as a result of exposure to PAHs. Comparisons of PAHs between roads and shipping lanes also facilitated the delineation of vehicular and shipping PAH inventories. A capsule that summarizes the main finding of the work: Investigating film-bound PAH on vehicle windows is a practicable pathway to investigate the long-term contamination of PAHs in vehicles and along roads. This method can not only simplify the sampling processes, but the model calculations. The results also enabled investigations into ILCR in vehicles and specified source apportionment of traffic PAHs.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2021

Erschienen:

2021

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:279

Enthalten in:

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) - 279(2021) vom: 15. Juni, Seite 116921

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Zhang, Weiwei [VerfasserIn]
Su, Penghao [VerfasserIn]
Tomy, Gregg T [VerfasserIn]
Sun, Dan [VerfasserIn]
Yin, Fang [VerfasserIn]
Chen, Lisu [VerfasserIn]
Ding, Yongsheng [VerfasserIn]
Li, Yifan [VerfasserIn]
Feng, Daolun [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

Air Pollutants
Airborne PAHs
Film-bound PAHs
Health risks
Journal Article
Multimedia models
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Vehicle
Vehicle Emissions

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 03.05.2021

Date Revised 03.05.2021

published: Print-Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116921

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM32308270X