The changing incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Wales : Effect of gender and season at diagnosis and birth
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved..
AIMS: Determinants of the changing incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes remain uncertain. We determined the recent time-trend of type 1 diabetes incidence in Wales and explored the role of vitamin D by evaluating the influence of season both at diagnosis and at birth.
METHODS: Data from all Welsh paediatric units 1990-2019, and from primary care to determine ascertainment.
RESULTS: Log-linear modelling indicated a non-linear secular trend in incidence with peak and subsequent decline. The peak occurred around June 2010: 31∙3 cases/year/100,000 children aged < 15y. It occurred earlier in children younger at diagnosis and earlier in boys. There were more cases in males aged <2y and >12y but more in females aged 9-10 y. More were diagnosed in winter. Also, children born in winter had less risk of future diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS: The risk of developing type 1 diabetes before age 15y in Wales is no longer increasing. The data on season are consistent with a preventative role for vitamin D both during pregnancy and later childhood. Metereological Office data shows increasing hours of sunlight since 1980 likely to increase vitamin D levels with less diabetes. Additional dietary supplementation with vitamin D might further reduce the incidence of type 1 diabetes.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:175 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Diabetes research and clinical practice - 175(2021) vom: 15. Mai, Seite 108739 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Harvey, J N [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Aetiology |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 16.07.2021 Date Revised 16.07.2021 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108739 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM322682509 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Harvey, J N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The changing incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Wales |b Effect of gender and season at diagnosis and birth |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2021 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 16.07.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 16.07.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a AIMS: Determinants of the changing incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes remain uncertain. We determined the recent time-trend of type 1 diabetes incidence in Wales and explored the role of vitamin D by evaluating the influence of season both at diagnosis and at birth | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Data from all Welsh paediatric units 1990-2019, and from primary care to determine ascertainment | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Log-linear modelling indicated a non-linear secular trend in incidence with peak and subsequent decline. The peak occurred around June 2010: 31∙3 cases/year/100,000 children aged < 15y. It occurred earlier in children younger at diagnosis and earlier in boys. There were more cases in males aged <2y and >12y but more in females aged 9-10 y. More were diagnosed in winter. Also, children born in winter had less risk of future diabetes | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: The risk of developing type 1 diabetes before age 15y in Wales is no longer increasing. The data on season are consistent with a preventative role for vitamin D both during pregnancy and later childhood. Metereological Office data shows increasing hours of sunlight since 1980 likely to increase vitamin D levels with less diabetes. Additional dietary supplementation with vitamin D might further reduce the incidence of type 1 diabetes | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Aetiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Childhood | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Incidence rate | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Type 1 diabetes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vitamin D | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hibbs, R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Maguire, M J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a O'Connell, H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gregory, J W |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Brecon Group (The Wales Paediatric Diabetes Interest Group) |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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