Quantifying the relative importance of major tracers for fine particles released from biofuel combustion in households in the rural North China Plain
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved..
Biomass burning tracers have been widely used to identify biomass burning types, but such tools can sometimes cause large uncertainties in the source attribution studies of PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of smaller than 2.5 μm). To quantify the relative importance of the major biomass burning tracers in PM2.5 released from biofuels combusted in the North China Plain, combustion experiments under the smoldering and flaming combustion conditions were conducted using nine types of typical household biofuels including two types of agricultural wastes, five types of hardwoods, one softwood, and one mixed wood briquette. PM2.5 samples were collected from the combustion experiments and source profiles of PM2.5 were thus determined for various biofuels under the two different combustion conditions. Carbonaceous species including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were the major chemical components of the PM2.5 released from combustion of all the tested biofuels, with mass fractions of 37-45% and 4-7% under the smoldering condition and 11-25% and 7-29% under the flaming condition, respectively. Higher mass fractions of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs, e.g., K+ and Cl-) in PM2.5 were observed under the flaming than smoldering combustion condition, while anhydrosugars (levoglucosan (LG) and mannosan (MN)) presented in an opposite pattern. The average LG/MN ratio in PM2.5 changed significantly with biofuel type (20-55 for agricultural wastes, 10-22 for hardwoods (except elm) and 3-6 for softwood), but varied little with combustion condition. In contrast, the K+/LG ratio in PM2.5 varied significantly between smoldering (<0.2) and flaming (>0.6) combustion conditions for all the biofuel types except softwood. Results from this study suggested that the ratio LG/MN was the best tracer for identifying the biofuel types and the ratio K+/LG is suitable for identifying the combustion conditions in this region.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:268 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) - 268(2021), Pt A vom: 01. Jan., Seite 115764 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Tao, Jun [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
7440-44-0 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 18.12.2020 Date Revised 18.12.2020 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115764 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM317074326 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Quantifying the relative importance of major tracers for fine particles released from biofuel combustion in households in the rural North China Plain |
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| 520 | |a Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a Biomass burning tracers have been widely used to identify biomass burning types, but such tools can sometimes cause large uncertainties in the source attribution studies of PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of smaller than 2.5 μm). To quantify the relative importance of the major biomass burning tracers in PM2.5 released from biofuels combusted in the North China Plain, combustion experiments under the smoldering and flaming combustion conditions were conducted using nine types of typical household biofuels including two types of agricultural wastes, five types of hardwoods, one softwood, and one mixed wood briquette. PM2.5 samples were collected from the combustion experiments and source profiles of PM2.5 were thus determined for various biofuels under the two different combustion conditions. Carbonaceous species including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were the major chemical components of the PM2.5 released from combustion of all the tested biofuels, with mass fractions of 37-45% and 4-7% under the smoldering condition and 11-25% and 7-29% under the flaming condition, respectively. Higher mass fractions of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs, e.g., K+ and Cl-) in PM2.5 were observed under the flaming than smoldering combustion condition, while anhydrosugars (levoglucosan (LG) and mannosan (MN)) presented in an opposite pattern. The average LG/MN ratio in PM2.5 changed significantly with biofuel type (20-55 for agricultural wastes, 10-22 for hardwoods (except elm) and 3-6 for softwood), but varied little with combustion condition. In contrast, the K+/LG ratio in PM2.5 varied significantly between smoldering (<0.2) and flaming (>0.6) combustion conditions for all the biofuel types except softwood. Results from this study suggested that the ratio LG/MN was the best tracer for identifying the biofuel types and the ratio K+/LG is suitable for identifying the combustion conditions in this region | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Agricultural wastes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biomass burning tracers | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Combustion condition | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Hardwood | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Northern China | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Softwood | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Aerosols |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Air Pollutants |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Biofuels |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Particulate Matter |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Carbon |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a 7440-44-0 |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Zhisheng |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Leiming |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Huang, Daojian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wu, Yunfei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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