Characteristics of the Irrigant Flow in a Simulated Lateral Canal Under Two Typical Laser-Activated Irrigation Regimens
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC..
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and shockwave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) are two promising laser-activated irrigation (LAI) methods for root canal irrigation. Their performance in driving irrigant flush in a complex root canal system will be evaluated by microscale particle image velocimetry (μPIV) measurement and will be compared with that of ultrasonic-activated irrigation (UAI).
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A μPIV system with 7 μm fluorescent tracer particles was adopted to measure two-dimensional (2D) velocity fields around the junction region, with a size of 1.8 mm × 1.5 mm, between one main canal and one lateral canal in an endodontic training block, which was driven by SWEEPS (Er:YAG laser) operating at 15 Hz and 20 mJ. The flow field driven by PIPS (Er:YAG laser) at the same frequency and energy, as well as by UAI (with non-cutting insert) operating at 40% unit power, was also measured for a direct comparison.
RESULTS: It was found that both SWEEPS and PIPS can activate a so-called "breath mode" during the irrigation. Namely, the induced irrigant flush presented a back-and-forth oscillation along both the main canal and the lateral one. The maximum flow speed in the lateral canal was observed to be up to 10 m/s in the SWEEPS modality, while reduced to around 7 m/s in the PIPS modality. The penetration length in the lateral canal in both modalities was estimated to be larger than 1 mm. In comparison, the flow field induced by UAI was characterized as irregular vortical structures, the maximum flow speed in the lateral canal was 0.15 m/s and significantly lower than LAI (P < 0.01), and the penetration length was less than 300 μm and lower than LAI (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Compared to UAI, PIPS, and SWEEPS are more capable of delivering the irrigant deeper into the lateral canal. Furthermore, the back-and-forth flush in the breath mode is ideal for removing debris during irrigation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2020 |
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| Erschienen: |
2020 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2020 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Lasers in surgery and medicine - (2020) vom: 10. Sept. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Su, Zheng [VerfasserIn] |
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Journal Article |
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Date Revised 22.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status Publisher |
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| doi: |
10.1002/lsm.23317 |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM315356537 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Su, Zheng |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Characteristics of the Irrigant Flow in a Simulated Lateral Canal Under Two Typical Laser-Activated Irrigation Regimens |
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| 520 | |a © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and shockwave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) are two promising laser-activated irrigation (LAI) methods for root canal irrigation. Their performance in driving irrigant flush in a complex root canal system will be evaluated by microscale particle image velocimetry (μPIV) measurement and will be compared with that of ultrasonic-activated irrigation (UAI) | ||
| 520 | |a STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A μPIV system with 7 μm fluorescent tracer particles was adopted to measure two-dimensional (2D) velocity fields around the junction region, with a size of 1.8 mm × 1.5 mm, between one main canal and one lateral canal in an endodontic training block, which was driven by SWEEPS (Er:YAG laser) operating at 15 Hz and 20 mJ. The flow field driven by PIPS (Er:YAG laser) at the same frequency and energy, as well as by UAI (with non-cutting insert) operating at 40% unit power, was also measured for a direct comparison | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: It was found that both SWEEPS and PIPS can activate a so-called "breath mode" during the irrigation. Namely, the induced irrigant flush presented a back-and-forth oscillation along both the main canal and the lateral one. The maximum flow speed in the lateral canal was observed to be up to 10 m/s in the SWEEPS modality, while reduced to around 7 m/s in the PIPS modality. The penetration length in the lateral canal in both modalities was estimated to be larger than 1 mm. In comparison, the flow field induced by UAI was characterized as irregular vortical structures, the maximum flow speed in the lateral canal was 0.15 m/s and significantly lower than LAI (P < 0.01), and the penetration length was less than 300 μm and lower than LAI (P < 0.05) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: Compared to UAI, PIPS, and SWEEPS are more capable of delivering the irrigant deeper into the lateral canal. Furthermore, the back-and-forth flush in the breath mode is ideal for removing debris during irrigation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a lateral canal | |
| 650 | 4 | |a microscale particle image velocimetry | |
| 650 | 4 | |a photon‐induced photoacoustic streaming | |
| 650 | 4 | |a shockwave‐enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ultrasonic‐activated irrigation | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Li, Zhibo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shen, Ya |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bai, Yuhao |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zheng, Ying |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pan, Chong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hou, Benxiang |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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